1. Causes and Consequences of the Growth of Agriculture

2. We left off around the year 10,000 B.C.E with life looking like this…
By 4000 B.C.E life looked like this…

3. So, how did we get from… to
HERE
HERE? to
Jot down some notes on what events you think might have taken place between 10,000 and 4,000 BCE.

4. One of the major changes was DOMESTICATION of…
animals
Wild Sheep
Domesticated Sheep
Definition- the process humans used to change the genetic makeup of plants and animals by influencing the way they were reproduced. Making them more appealing in taste, size, and nutrition, as well as easier to grow, process, and cook.

5. and plants

6. Domestication of plants and animals was a monumental change.
Have you ‘herd’ about pastoralism?
It resulted in the new way of living we know as
FARMING
(AGRICULTURE)…
Definition- science of cultivating the land, producing crops, and raising livestock
…which included both PASTORALISM
Definition-herding sheep, goats, cattle, horses, and camels),

7. (cultivation of domesticated plants),
and…
Crop-growing
(cultivation of domesticated plants),
Definition- planting, growing and harvesting crops or plants
the development of…
FARMING COMMUNITIES

8. Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farming
appeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of places,
possibly in all of the places marked in red on the map.
Eastern North America
China
Fertile Crescent
Nile valley
West
Africa
Mesoamerica
New Guinea
Ethiopia
Andes
Amazonia

9. Prior to farming, population size in any
one area was limited
by the availability of wild game, grain, berries, seeds, and nuts.
Population Extensification- humans multiplied and flourished by spreading thinly across all the major land masses of the world
POPULATION
INTENSIFICATION
That means population increases in certain areas. Population in those areas became both larger and denser.
Farming and the large, relatively dependable crops it provides allowed for…

11. SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION
At the same time, farmers in some places were, in spite of population growth,
able to produce
SURPLUS food.
What does
SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION
mean for a society?

12. SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION…
…means that not everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They can take on other tasks. They can specialize in some non-farming task.
                                                                 

13. This is called…
Job Specialization.
Men and women may become:
Weavers
Stone Masons
Potters
Priests
Scribes
Traders
Army officers

14. Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming
Population
Intensification
Surplus Food
Specialization
Sedentary settlement
Definition- The practice of living in a specific place, as opposed to the mobile way of life centered on hunting and gathering