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Required Practical Guide
Physics
Force and extension
This document contains:
Links to YouTube clips showing the practical procedure
Information from examination boards AQA, OCR, Edexcel
Potential examination questions and answers
This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.
All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. November 2016
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016

2. Required practical – exam boards
AQA

3. Practical procedure: Force and extension
Video 1
Video 2
Click on each of the tabs to take you to a YouTube clip. Please note these are external sites to PiXL, PiXL does not control the content of these sites.

4. Possible examination style questions
Design a practical to investigate how the force applied to a spring affects its extension.
Plot a force extension graph from the following data:
Describe the pattern in the graph.
What has happened to the spring after 4N of weight was added?
Explain how to calculate the spring constant for this data.
Weight/N 1 2 3 4 5
Extension of spring/cm 6 9 12 19

5. Possible examination style questions answers
Design a practical to investigate how the force applied to a spring affects its extension.
ANSWER:
Hang spring
Measure length
Add mass of known weight
Measure new length
Calculate extension
Repeat with more masses

6. Possible examination style questions answers
Plot a graph from the following data:
ANSWER:
Labels on axes
Correct plotting of points
Line of best fit

7. Possible examination style questions answers
Describe the pattern in the graph.
ANSWER:
Extension is directly proportional to the load up until 4 Newtons.
After this point the spring has become permanently deformed.

8. Possible examination style questions answers
What has happened to the spring after 4N of weight was added?
ANSWER:
Permanently deformed
Reached the elastic limit

9. Possible examination style questions answers
Explain how to calculate the spring constant for this data.
ANSWER:
Calculate the gradient of the line of best fit
Up until the elastic point
N/m

10. Key questions:
Why is it difficult to measure the unstretched length of a spring?
How would you measure the extension of a spring?
How could you use a force-extension graph to find work done?
What do the words ‘elastic’ and ‘inelastic’ mean when used in connection with stretching materials?
In what circumstances can you use the equation F = k × x when stretching materials?
Think of some examples where the energy stored in stretched spring might be used.
Explain how you can find the spring constant from a graph with the extension on the horizontal axis and force on the vertical axis.

11. Summary document
A summary document is also available on Huddle which contains all the relevant information about this practical from the different examination boards. It includes practical methods and other potential examination questions