1. Theoretical Perspectives

2. Functionalism
Emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society (an integrated whole)
Changes in one part of society affect the whole
Societies return to
normalcy/stability after
upheaval- changes are
absorbed into society

3. Functionalism Manifest functions: intended and recognized
Latent functions: unintended and unrecognized
Dysfunction: negative consequence of functions
Cooperation in society is the result of consensus on values

4. Conflict Perspective
Emphasizes conflict, competition, change and constraint
Groups compete to maintain their own interests and values
Power = the ability to control the behavior of others
Changes occur when
power shifts

5. Symbolic Interactionism
Emphasizes the interactions among people based on mutually understood symbols
Groups exist only because their members influence each other’s behavior
Symbol= something that is used to mean something else
Groups use symbols to establish understanding

6. Symbolic Interactionism
We learn the meaning of symbols from the way we see others responding to it.
Once learned, we base our behavior on them.
We use meanings of symbols to imagine how others will respond to our behavior- to guide our interactions.

7. Symbolic Interactionism
Presentation of Self/ Impression Management
Calculating behavior/symbols to get desired reaction