1. Roots of Europe - Indo-European homeland theories
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
Roots of Europe - Indo-European homeland theories
Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen
Postdoc fellow, Ph.D.
Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

2. Contents Student presentation by Nicolas Presentation Feedback
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
Contents
Student presentation by Nicolas
Presentation
Feedback
Exercise and in-class discussion: Hypotheses on the spatial and temporal location of the Indo-European homeland
Kurgan hypothesis
Anatolian hypothesis
Balkan hypothesis
Hypotheses centring on a Northern European origin
Armenian hypothesis
Out of India Theory
Palaeolithic Continuity Theory
Convergence area (Indo-European as a Sprachbund)
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

3. Student presentation by Nicolas
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
Student presentation by Nicolas
Student presentation by Nicolas
Presentation
Feedback
Exercise and in-class discussion: Hypotheses on the spatial and temporal location of the Indo-European homeland
Kurgan hypothesis
Anatolian hypothesis
Balkan hypothesis
Hypotheses centring on a Northern European origin
Armenian hypothesis
Out of India Theory
Palaeolithic Continuity Theory
Convergence area (Indo-European as a Sprachbund)
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

4. Student presentation by Nicolas
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
Student presentation by Nicolas
Nicolas unfortunately could not be present today, but we have recorded his presentation in beforehand:
Feedback
Eastern Iranian might be very relevant (Avestan normally being affiliated with the Eastern Iranian group)
Modern Iranian vs. Old Iranian: Where should we expect to find most traces of the IIr. homeland?
How to test the three PIE homeland hypotheses as compared to the IIr. Homeland hypothesis (Andronovo)?
Importance of IIr. chariot terminology? Does it seem more archaic than that of the remaining IE languages?
Why the Andronovo ~ Scythian connection? Who not IIr. as a whole?
Consider downplaying the genetics and maybe fusing the evidence from linguistics and religion into one chapter
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

5. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Student presentation by Nicolas
Presentation
Feedback
Exercise and in-class discussion: Hypotheses on the spatial and temporal location of the Indo-European homeland
Kurgan hypothesis
Anatolian hypothesis
Balkan hypothesis
Hypotheses centring on a Northern European origin
Armenian hypothesis
Out of India Theory
Palaeolithic Continuity Theory
Convergence area (Indo-European as a Sprachbund)
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

6. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Eight hypotheses (at least)
Mallory (1997: 196): Three are academically credible
Kurgan hypothesis (slightly differentiating variants)
Pontic-Caspian steppes
5th-4th millennia BCE (Chalcolithic)
Gimbutas, Mallory, Anthony, Kristiansen, Kortlandt etc.
Anatolian hypothesis
Anatolia
7th-5th millennia BCE (Early Neolithic)
Renfrew, Heggarty, Gray, Atkinson, Bouckaert etc.
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

7. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Balkan hypothesis
Balkan
5th millennium BCE (Neolithic)
Variant of the Anatolian hypotheses (excluding Anatolian)
Hypotheses centring on a Northern European origin
Northern Europe (Scandinavia, Baltic Region vel sim.)
6th millennium BCE onwards
Kuhn, Hirt (later somewhat differently Zvelebil, Kilian etc.)
Armenian hypothesis
Armenian Highland (to the south of the Caucasus Mnts.)
4th millennium BCE
Gamkrelidze, Ivanov, Diakonoff, Grigoriev etc.
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

8. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Out of India Theory
Punjab Region of Northern India
6th millennium BCE
Elst, Talageri etc.
Palaeolithic Continuity Theory (Palaeolithic Continuity Paradigm)
Anatolia
45th-10th millennia BCE (Upper Palaeolithic)
Otte, Alinei, Cavazza, Benozzo, Ballester etc.
Convergence area (Indo-European as a Sprachbund)
No Indo-European homeland (no Indo-Europeans)
Trubetzkoy, Uhlenbeck, Pisani, Martinet, Jensen etc.
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

9. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Six principles of IE homeland attribution
Exclusion principle (of limited application)
Temporal principle
Relationship principle
Cultural principle
Archaeological principle
Total distribution principle
Mallory & Adams (1997):
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014

10. The Indo-European homeland problem
Indo-European Studies, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics
The Indo-European homeland problem
Exercise and in-class discussion
Present “your” hypothesis in class
Focus on
Main points of the hypothesis
Arguments in favour of the hypothesis (e.g. as presented by the adherents)
Arguments against the hypothesis
Six principles of IE homeland attribution
Max. 5-7 minutes per presentation
Presentations begin at 5 p.m. sharp!
Copenhagen, 9 December 2014