1. Chapter 13, Section 2 FEUDALISM IN EUROPE

2. NEW INVASIONS After the Treaty of Verdun Constant Fighting
Invasions by Magyars, Muslims and Vikings
*While the Vikings launched repeated assaults on W. Europe, causing fear and disruption, they also created trade routes and settlements

3. FEUDALISM
*The political system that developed in Europe, which provided the framework that allowed the people to survive the breakdown of central government and order.
*Lasted for 600 to 800 years because the system clearly organized people’s rights and duties

4. FEUDALISM
Military and political system based on land ownership and loyalty.
*The growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages was primarily due to the collapse of strong central governments because aristocrats provided some law and order in exchange for service

5. FEUDALISM System based on mutual obligation LORD - Noble Landowner
*Relationships among groups of people were clearly defined in social classes because weak national government lacked the ability to provide law and order.
LORD - Noble Landowner
FIEF – piece of land granted by the Lord
The hierarchy of medieval society: monk, knight, and peasant. Medieval society in its ideal form consisted of three orders; those who fought, those who prayed, and those who worked. Each contributed to the welfare of the other, and the medieval society depended upon all three. This hierarchy became less and less relevant after the expansion and trade and industry, for the new bourgeisie fitted into none of these traditional classes. This isa detail from an illumination in L’mimage du mondei, a late 13th Franco-Flemish work.

6. FEUDALISM
Lord-grants a fief in exchange for military protection & other services.
Vassal-person who receives the fief
Knight-defended Lord’s land in exchange for a fief

7. FEUDALISM SERFS – Peasants bound to the land.
*Despite being bound to the land, their strong Christian faith kept them from leaving the harsh conditions
Could not be sold

8. *FEUDALISM* Serfs (peasants) paid high taxes & had a harsh life
Tithe-10% of income is given to the church
Fiefs are inherited by the eldest son. Effect-young sons live with a relative & remain unmarried (undesirable b/c poor)

9. FEUDAL PYRAMID – SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
*Society is based on social classes
*European feudal system relied on the labor of peasants to support other social classes in exchange for
*Protection from the invaders
*Settlement of disputes
*Distribution of food

10. *Manor Economy Manor – The Lord's estate
*Agriculture is the major economic factor because of the availability of arable land
*Self Sufficient–
had to produce everything they needed on the manor

11. *Three Field System Divided the field into 3 parts.
One field grew soil depleting crop
One field grew soil replenishing crop
One field rested
Allowed them to produce more crops

12. MANOR
*Manorialism develops as the economic system because of the lack of trade and self-sufficient communities
A prosperous peasant house in a late medieval village, ca The multi-roomed house and the chimney which came into widespread use only after 1300 are both signs of wealth, as is the adjacent barn. Poor homstead would include a manger as a part of the rooms, since humans and animals lived togther in them. The windmill in the background is another meieval innovation the first windmills appeared about 1180.

13. Feudalism
Lord gives land, shelter, and protection to serfs in return for work.
Owning land gives power, wealth, and position
*The development of feudalism and manorialism filled a void that was created by the loss of the Roman imperial protection.

14. Horrible Histories-Medieval War

15. THE AGE OF CHIVALRY CHAPTER 13 SECTION 3
Created by J. Kinley

16. Increased warfare in Europe
Feudal Lords were forced to defend their manor. Knights were rewarded with fiefs

17. WARRIORS ON HORSEBACK Mounted Knights- most important
part of the army.
Saddles & Stirrups - important technology for mounted warfare.

18. Horrible Histories-I’m A Knight

19. *KNIGHTS CODE OF CHIVALRY*
Chivalry=Code
of Ideals
1. Fight Bravely

20. *KNIGHTS CODE OF CHIVALRY*
2. Devote yourself to feudal Lord, heavenly Lord, & your chosen Lady.
3. Loyal, Brave, & Courteous

21. Horrible History

22. Knight’s Tournaments- ”mock battles”

23. Castles Stone castles were encircled by massive walls and guard towers
Castle was the home of the lord and lady, their family, knights, and servants
It was a fortress designed for defense
*“The development, architecture and building of these great fortresses changed as time progresses, influenced by important historical events such as the crusades and technology of seige warfare”

24. Role of Women
*Church viewed women as inferior to men, and were expected to be obedient to men.
Noble women could inherit land from her husband
When the husband was off to war, the woman could run the castle
But women could not receive land as a reward in exchange for military service

25. Quick Review
What political system developed in Western Europe, which provided the framework that allowed the people to survive the breakdown of central government and order?
Why did manorialism develop?
Draw the feudal pyramid
What role did aristocrats have in the development of feudalism?
Why did feudalism last for years?
Despite being bound to the land, what kept the serfs from leaving the harsh conditions on the manor?
Why was agriculture the major economic factor on the feudal manor

26. Quick Review Define self sufficient
What farming practice developed on the feudal manor?
Define mutal obligation
What was the role of women during the Middle Ages?
What type of architectural defensive structure developed during the middle ages?