1. Cellular Respiration

2. Both plant and animal cells carry out the final stages of cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Mitochondrion
Inner membrane
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Matrix
Plant Cells 2

3. But first: Cellular Energy.
Chemical reactions in cells require energy to get started = activation energy.
Can be endergonic= use (store) energy or exergonic= release energy

4. But first we need to lower the energy. How can the cell do this?

5. A catalyst or enzyme can lower this for the cell!
Enzymes performance can be affected by Heat, pH,
and concentration of the substrate (molecules enzymes act on).

6. Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
How energy (ATP) and water are created using glucose and oxygen (An exergonic reaction)
C6H12O6 + 6O CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Does this Equation look familiar?? 6

7. What is created??
38 ATP!!!!!
A compound Used To Store Energy In Living Organisms 7

8. So how do we get the ATP???

9. What do cells use ATP For: Active transport Movement Photosynthesis
Protein Synthesis
Cellular respiration
All other cellular reactions
Amoeba 9

10. More on ATP Cells Have Enough ATP To Last For A Few Seconds
ATP must constantly be made
ATP Transfers Energy Very Well
ATP Is NOT Good At Energy Storage 10 10

11. So what happens when Oxygen is not present?
anaerobic respiration (Fermentation)
Called Lactic Acid in muscle cells!
Called Alcoholic fermentation in yeast (produces ethanol)
Nets only 2 ATP (from glycolysis)
How does that compare to aerobic respiration? 11

12. Electron transport chain
Process
Products
Glucose
Anaerobic without oxygen
Aerobic with oxygen
Glycolysis
Pyruvic acid +2 ATP
Fermentation
Kreb’s cycle
Ethyl alcohol (0 ATP)
Electron transport chain Or
Lactic acid (0 ATP)
36 ATP
Carbon dioxide

13. Types of organisms
Obligate aerobes:
Must have oxygen to survive
What type of cellular respiration will these organisms use?
Obligate anaerobes:
cannot survive if oxygen is present
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Salmonella: They cause illnesses like typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and the foodborne illness. Found worldwide in cold- and warm-blooded animals (including humans), and in the environment.
Facultative anaerobes:
prefer to use oxygen but can survive without it if needed

14. How are Photsynthesis and Cellular Respiration related?