1. GOOD AFTERNOON!!!!
Pick up the paper from the stool!!!! Sit quietly!!!! If you did NOT take the test on Friday, you need to stay after school TODAY to take it!!!!

2. Nationalism
What does it mean to be patriotic? Are people patriotic today? What should you be most patriotic toward? (Your country? Your ethnicity? Your religion?)
As a citizen of the USA do you have a duty to be patriotic?

3. Before we begin— Define: nationalism
: a feeling that people have of being loyal to and proud of their country often with the belief that it is better and more important than other countries
: a desire by a large group of people (such as people who share the same culture, history, language, etc.) to form a separate and independent nation of their own
How do we (Americans) show nationalism today? How have we shown it in the past?

4. How Nationalism can bring a nation together
How Nationalism can break apart a nation:

5. Nationalism in Europe and Asia
The people of EUROPE are desperate for “independence” based on nationalism
These “empires” are FULL of numerous ethnic groups/ancestral groups!
How are the “enlightenment” and French Revolution going to influence the rest of Europe?
Comparing Nationalism in the 19th century –
Case Study: Japan and Germany
&

6. Congress of Vienna
Chapter 23 Section 5

7. Napoleon
Napoleon, trying to take over the world, had taken over all of Europe with the exception of Britain, Portugal, Sweden and the Ottoman Empire (old Byzantine Empire).
After he is defeated, the lands once occupied by Napoleon and France want their freedom!
So, how do we go about that??

8. Restoring the Old order
European heads of government were looking to establish long-lasting peace and stability on the continent after the defeat of Napoleon.
Most of the decisions made in Vienna were made in secret among representatives for the five “great powers”- Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France.

9. Klemens Von Metternich
Foreign Minister of Austria, Klemens Von Metternich.
Distrusted democracy and felt like Napoleon’s behavior was natural
He viewed nationalism as a threat to European stability

10. Metternich’s plan
Surround France by strong countries(They will unite smaller countries surrounding France like the 39 German states)
Restore a balance of power, so that no country would be a threat to others (They wanted to weaken France so that it wasn’t able to wage wars of aggression, but they had to be careful not to weaken France so much that they would want to take revenge on anyone).
He wanted to restore Europe’s royal families to the thrones (This is called legitimacy) They believed that the return of the former monarchs would stabilize political relations among the nations.

12. Victory The congress of Vienna was a political victory
For the first time nations of an entire continent had cooperated
It was one of the most successful peace meetings in history because the settlements they agreed upon were fair enough
By agreeing to come to one another’s aid in case of threats of peace, the European nations temporarily ensured that there would be a balance of power on the continent

13. United Nations
European Union
NATO
OPEC
NAFTA

14. Legacy of the congress of Vienna
Maintained a balance of power in Europe for the next 100 years
Diminished size and power of France
Power of Britain and Prussia (Germany) increased
Spread of nationalism in Italy, Greece, and other areas that the Congress put under foreign control
If the goal of the Congress of Vienna was to restore monarchs in Europe, is it going to, overall, be successful long term?????

15. Unification of Germany
After the Congress of Vienna (1815), 39 German states formed a loose grouping called the German Confederation.
The Austrian Empire controlled the confederation
Prussia was ready to unify all of the German states

16. Unification of Germany
Prussia’s advantages in unification
German population (nationalism)
Powerful army
Wilhelm I (New King of Prussia)
Otto von Bismarck (New Prime Minister of Prussia)
Realpolitik (politics of reality—tough power politics with no room for idealism)
Ruled without consent of parliament
“Blood and iron”

17. Unification of Germany
Prussia expands into Denmark
7 Weeks War
Prussia fought Austria over territory in Denmark; Prussia humiliated Austria
United E & W Prussia taking some land from Austria
Northern states joined the North German Confederation (which Prussia controlled)

18. Unification of Germany
Franco Prussian War
Southern German states did not want to join with the north (religions differences)
Bismarck thought that if the south felt threatened, then they might feel inclined to join with the north
He created incidences on the border of France and the southern states to provoke France into entering into a war with the German states
France declared war on the southern German states and they called on the North for help

20. Unification of Germany
King Wilhelm (of Prussia) was crowned Kaiser (emperor). They called their empire the 2nd Reich.
The Holy Roman Empire was the 1st…What is the 3rd?
The Congress of Vienna established 5 great powers in Europe.
The unification of Germany disrupted this “balance” because now Germany and Britain were the most powerful.

21. Use p. 687 for questions 1-3!!!!!

23. BIG Ideas—How do Unit 5 and Unit 6 relate???
Enlightenment Ideas
Revolutions
(Internal Conflict)
Nationalism
External Conflict?

24. Loyal to the COUNTRY not the KING!!!!!
Nationalism
Political
Parties
Conservatives
Support Kings
(Nobility and
Wealthy)
Liberals
Power to elect
legislatures
Merchants/Middle
Class
Radicals
END KING
EVERYONE
votes
Loyal to the COUNTRY not the KING!!!!!
Page 688

25. Balkans & Russia
Greece rebels from the Ottoman Empire in 1830 with the help of other W. European countries
France: 1830, tried to bring back absolutism  1848 Louis-Napoleon = 
1861 Alexander II frees the serfs

26. Empires Fall Austrian Empire breaks – Austria-Hungary
Russia: so large that they have multiple ethnic groups (Ukrainians, Poles Latvians, Estonians…..) = Nationalism and the fall of czar rule! Czars had ruled for 370 years!
1917 Russian Revolution after Russification
Rise of Lenin

27. Unification of Italy
Camillo di Cavour (PM of Sardinia) unified Northern Italy
Giuseppe Garibaldi (nationalist soldier) unified Southern Italy and joined with Cavour