1. Introduction to Anatomy FOR NURSING
Dr. Maha ELBeltagy
Department of Anatomy and Histology
Faculty of Medicine
University of Jordan
2017

2. ANATOMY System based Upper Limb Lower Limb Muscleoskeletal system IBLS
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Endocrine system
Reproductive system
Gastrointestinal system
Nervous system

3. How to study anatomy RESPECT the Subject
Make a mental picture of everything you study
Practical Classes
Talk about it. Discussion
Teach
6-Drawing
Read,Read,Read,Read

4. Cell
Tissue
Organ
System

5. Gastr / ic……… Related to. Gastr / itis……….Inflammation.
Basic word parts
Word Root……..Origin of the word.
eg: Gastr = Stomach
Suffix ………Word ending.
Gastr / ic……… Related to.
Gastr / itis……….Inflammation.
Gastr / ectomy………..Removal.
………/ Logy……….Science

6. Prefix Word beginning.
Epi Above eg: Epi/gastr /ic
Hypo Below eg: Hypo/gastr /ic
Anti Against eg: Anti/bio /tic
A NO eg: A/vascular

7. Anatomical Position
the anatomical position is the standard reference position of the body used to describe the location of structures
Standing erect, with palms and feet facing forward

8. ANATOMICAL PLANES Median Sagittal Plane Paramedian Plane
1- Is a vertical plane
2- Passes through the center of the body
3-Divids the body into equal right and left halves
Paramedian Plane
Is situated to one or the other side of the median plane and parallel to it.

9. superior and inferior parts
Coronal Plane
Is an imaginary vertical planes divide the body into
anterior and posterior parts
Transverse, horizontal
divide the body into
superior and inferior parts

10. Positions and Directions
Terms of position and direction describe the position of
one body part relative to another
Anterior :Refers to a structure being more in front
Posterior : Refers to a structure being more in back
Superior :Refers to a structure being higher
Inferior : Refers to a structure being lower
Medial : Refers to a structure being closer to the midline
Lateral :Refers to a structure being farther away from the midline

11. For example, the hand is distal to the elbow joint.
Proximal and distal are used with reference to being closer or farther from a structure's origin, particularly in the limbs.
For example, the hand is distal to the elbow joint.
Cranial (towards the head) and caudal (towards the tail) are sometimes used instead of superior and inferior respectively

12. Directional Terms To describe the position of one body part relative to another.
Term Meaning
Anterior Nearer to front of body
Posterior Nearer to the back
Superior Nearer to the head
Inferior Nearer to the feet
Median Central line of the body
Medial Nearer to the median line
Lateral Away from median line
Proximal Nearer to point of origin
Distal Away from point of origin
Superficial: Nearer to body surface
Deep: Away from body surface

13. 1-The brain is ………………to lungs
2- The Kidney is ……………………to liver

14. 1- The stomach is ……………………to intestine
2- The liver is ………………..to diaphragm
3- The point A is ………… to
point B
4- The point C is ………… to C B A

15. Movement Terms
Flexion/Extension

16. Plantar Flexion/Dorsiflexion
Lateral Flexion

17. Abduction/Adduction Abduction—moving a body part away from midline Adduction—moving a body part toward the midline

18. Medial/Lateral Rotation Medial rotation—rotation towards the center of the body Lateral rotation—rotation away the center of the body

19. Pronation Medial rotation of forearm Supination Lateral rotation of forearm

20. Elevation/Depression
Inversion/Eversion

21. Retraction Moving a part backward Protraction Moving a part forward
Opposition : Movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand.

22. Body Cavities Thoracic Cavity Abdominal and Pelvic Cavity
Dorsal Cavity 22

23. Thoracic Cavity Upper ventral, thoracic or chest cavity Contains:
Heart
Lungs
Trachea
Esophagus
Large blood vessels
Nerves
Bound laterally by ribs and the diaphragm caudally

24. Abdominopelvic Cavity
Lower part of ventral cavity
Abdominal:
Gastrointestinal tract
Kidneys
Adrenal glands
Pelvic:
Urogenital system
Rectum 24

25. Dorsal Cavity Smaller of two main cavities Upper portion:
Cranial cavity
Brain
Lower portion:
Vertebral canal house spinal cord