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FIGURE 3.1 On a sunny, calm day, the air near the surface can be substantially warmer than the air a meter or so above the surface. Fig. 3-1, p.56.

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Presentation on theme: "FIGURE 3.1 On a sunny, calm day, the air near the surface can be substantially warmer than the air a meter or so above the surface. Fig. 3-1, p.56."— Presentation transcript:

1 FIGURE 3.1 On a sunny, calm day, the air near the surface can be substantially warmer than the air a meter or so above the surface. Fig. 3-1, p.56

2 FIGURE 3.2 The daily variation in air temperature is controlled by incoming energy (primarily from the sun) and outgoing energy from the earth’s surface. Where incoming energy exceeds outgoing energy (orange shade),the air temperature rises. Where outgoing energy exceeds incoming energy(blue shade), the air temperature falls. Fig. 3-2, p.57

3 FIGURE 3.3 On a clear, calm night, the air near the surface can be much colder than the air above. The increase in air temperature with increasing height above the surface is called a radiation temperature inversion. Fig. 3-3, p.57

4 p.60

5 FIGURE 3.4 On cold, clear nights, the settling of cold air into valleys makes them colder than surrounding hillsides. The region along the side of the hill where the air temperature is above freezing is known as a thermal belt. Fig. 3-4, p.61

6 FIGURE 3.5 Orchard heaters circulate the air by setting up convection currents.
Fig. 3-5, p.61

7 FIGURE 3.6 Wind machines mix cooler surface air with warmer air above.
Fig. 3-6, p.61

8 FIGURE 3.10 The daily range of temperature decreases as we climb away from the earth’s surface. Hence, there is less day-to-night variation in air temperature near the top of a high-rise apartment complex than at the ground level. Fig. 3-10, p.65

9 FIGURE 3.8 Average air temperature near sea level in January (°F).
Fig. 3-8, p.64

10 FIGURE 3.9 Average air temperature near sea level in July (°F).
Fig. 3-9, p.64

11 FIGURE 7.24 Average position and extent of the major surface ocean currents. Cold currents are shown in blue; warm currents are shown in red. Names of the ocean currents are given in Table 7.2. Fig. 7-24, p.190


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