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Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Insights and Vascular Mechanisms
John R. Petrie, MD, PhD, Tomasz J. Guzik, MD, PhD, Rhian M. Touyz, MD, PhD Canadian Journal of Cardiology Volume 34, Issue 5, Pages (May 2018) DOI: /j.cjca Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Vascular processes whereby diabetes and hypertension predispose to cardiovascular disease. Common risk factors promote diabetes and hypertension, which are associated with atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and structural remodelling, which lead to macrovascular and microvascular disease. Vascular damage and endothelial dysfunction is amplified when diabetes and hypertension coexist. Canadian Journal of Cardiology , DOI: ( /j.cjca ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Putative mechanisms whereby diabetes and hypertension cause vascular disease. Immune cell activation and inflammation are mediated through oxidative stress. AGEs, advanced glycation end products; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; RAGE, receptor AGE. Canadian Journal of Cardiology , DOI: ( /j.cjca ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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