1. CIRCULATOARY AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEMSPP

3. NUTRIENTS Carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Minerals: help balance osmosis and the function of certain cells (i.e muscle cell)
Vitamins: aid enzyme activity
Water: accounts for half of your body weight

5. FUNCTION
Breakdown of food into simpler molecules which are then absorbed
One long tube from mouth to anus
Nutrients broken down by the digestive system are carried to all the other organs by the circulatory systems

6. DIGESTIVE TRACT MOUTH AND ESOPHAGUS
Amylase (enzyme) is released from glands into saliva
Breaks down carbs to monosaccharides
Bolus (food ball) travels down esophagus to stomach

7. STOMACH Muscle contractions break bolus a part
Pepsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins into amino acids
HCl keeps stomach acidic so the pepsin can work

8. LIVER
Produces bile that breaks makes the fat molecules smaller

9. GALL BLADDER
Stores bile and secretes it into the small intestine

10. PANCREAS
Secretes sodium bicarbonate (base) into small intestine to neutralize acid

11. SMALL INTESTINE Trypsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins
High surface area (villi and microvilli) for nutrient absorption
Surrounded by blood vessels

12. LARGE INTESTINE/COLON
Absorption of water, minerals, and vitamins

13. HOMEOSTASIS Figure 41.19      2 3
Food
Bile
Liver
Stomach
Secretin
and CCK
Chyme 
Gastric
juices
Gastrin 
Gastric
juices
Gallbladder
CCK 
Pancreas
HCO3, enzymes
Duodenum
of small intestine
Secretin 
CCK 
Key 
Stimulation
Inhibition
Figure Hormonal control of digestion. 

14. Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and can help to suppress appetite
Satiety
center
Hormones regulate long-term and short-term appetite by affecting a “satiety center” in the brain
Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and can help to suppress appetite
Ghrelin 
Insulin
Figure A few of the appetite-regulating hormones. 
Leptin  
PYY

15. Salivary glands
Esophagus
Liver
Stomach
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Large intestine/colon
Small intestine