1. Evolution of Populations
AP Biology Chapter 23
Evolution of Populations

2. Phenotypic Polymorphisms Witches Peak (forehead)

3. Phenotypic Polymorphisms Blood Types

4. Genotypic Polymorphisms Skin pigmentation “Coloration”

5. Albinoism NO PIGMENTATION

6. Sickle Cell (a point mutation)

7. Mean height (cm) Altitude (m) Sierra Nevada Range Great Basin Plateau
Cline
Heights of yarrow plants grown in common garden
100
Mean height (cm) 50
3,000
Altitude (m)
2,000
Sierra Nevada
Range
Great Basin
Plateau
1,000
Seed collection sites

8. Evolutionary Flow flow = movement

9. Heterozygous Advantage
Frequencies of the
sickle-cell allele
0–2.5%
2.5–5.0%
5.0–7.5%
Distribution of
malaria caused by
Plasmodium falciparum
(a protozoan)
7.5–10.0%
10.0–12.5%
>12.5%

10. Sexual Dimorphism

11. Intrasexual competition

12. Intersexual competition