1. Submitted by HARSHITHA G H
TIMING MODELS
Submitted by
HARSHITHA G H

2. TIMING MODELS
Provide accurate timing for various instances of the cell in design environment.
The timing models are specified for each timing arc of the cell.
Define the delay arcs between nodes

3. Timing arc delays for an inverter cell
Since it is an inverter, a rising (falling) transition at the input causes a falling (rising) transition at the output. The two kinds of delay characterized for the cell are: • Tr : Output rise delay • Tf : Output fall delay

4. Delay for timing arc through inverter cell is dependent on two factors:
the output load, that is, the capacitance load at the output pin of the inverter
the transition time of the signal at the input.
Delay increases with load capacitance, input transition time.

5. Two types of Timing models
Linear Timing Models
Non-Linear Delay model

6. Linear Timing Model
The delay and output transition time of cell are the linear functions of the two parameters.
Input transition time and Output load capacitance.
Example
D=D0+D1*S+D2*C
Where D is delay of Linear model
D0,D1,D2 – Constants S – Input transition time
C – Output load capacitance

7. Non-Linear Delay Model
cell libraries include table models to specify the delays and timing checks for various timing arcs of the cell.
The table models are referred to as NLDM (Non-Linear Delay Model) and are used for delay, output slew, or other timing checks.

8. In this example
Delay of the output pin OUT are described.
Rising and falling delay models for the timing arc from pin INP1 to pin OUT and max_transition at pin OUT.
Separate models for the rise and fall delays, labeled as cell_rise and cell_fall respectively.
Can also be used for transition time at the output of a cell.

9. Timing Models-Combinational cells
In general, the timing arcs can be from each input to each output of the block
logic path from input to output is non-inverting(positive unate), then the output has the same polarity as the input
If it is an inverting logic path or negative unate, the output has an opposite polarity to input
General combinational block

10. Timing Models – Sequential cells
For synchronous inputs – timing arcs:
Setup check arc (rising and falling)
Hold check arc (rising and falling)
For asynchronous inputs – timing arcs
Recovery check arc
Removal check arc

11. Reference: Static Timing Analysis for Nanometer Designs by J. Bhasker