1. Terminology and the Body Plan
Etymology = the origin of a word
Example: Dorsal (dorsum, back)

2. Directional Terms
Anatomic Position – standing erect with the arms at the sides and palms turned forward

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6. Body Parts and Regions
Anterior View

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Posterior View

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9. Planes
Imaginary flat surfaces used to “look inside” and observe the body’s structures

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11. Body Cavities Thoracic cavity Boundaries: rib cage and diaphragm
Contains: mediastinum, pericardial cavity (heart), left and right pleural cavities (lungs)
Mediastinum contains esophagus, trachea, blood vessels, thymus, heart

12. Body Cavities Abdominal Cavity Pelvic Cavity
Boundaries: abdominal muscles
Contains: stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys
Pelvic Cavity
Bones of pelvis
Contains: urinary bladder, part of large intestine, internal reproductive organs
Abdominopelvic Cavity: abdominal and pelvic cavities

13. Serous Membranes
Visceral serous membranes cover organs (the “viscera”)
Parietal serous membranes form the outer wall of a fluid-filled cavity
A cavity is the fluid-filled space between the serous membranes

14. Thoracic Cavity and Membranes
Pericardial Cavity surrounds the heart
Visceral pericardium covers heart
Parietal pericardium lines pericardial cavity
Pleural Cavity surrounds each lung
Visceral pleura cover lungs
Parietal pleura line pleural cavity

15. Abdominopelvic Cavity and Membranes
Peritoneal Cavity surrounds the many organs in the abdominopelvic cavity and the inferior surface of the diaphragm
Visceral peritoneum covers organs
Parietal peritoneum lines peritoneal cavity
Pleural Cavity surrounds each lung
Visceral pleura cover lungs
Parietal pleura line pleural cavity

16. Abdominopelvic Cavity and Membranes, continued…
Mesenteries – 2 layers of fused peritoneum that hold abdominal organs in place; provide passage for blood vessels and nerves
Retroperitoneal organs – organs “behind” parietal peritoneum
Kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, parts of intestines, and bladder