1. Automation Committee Workshop Presentation 3
Radio Versus Cellular and Migrating to 3G to 4G or 5G

2. SCADA and IIoT Network Technologies - Variety
Licensed and Unlicensed
IP Based and Legacy
Broadband and Narrowband
Private, Public and Government
3G, 4G, 5G
High Power and Very Low Power
IIoT Networks LoRA,
SCADA Protocols – DNP3.0, MODBUS, MDLC

3. SCADA Networks Technologies – Variety
Server
SCADA
Server
FEP
Radio Networks
RTU
CELL Networks
RTU
RTU
RTU
IIoT Networks
RTU
RTU
RTU
RTU
RTU

4. SCADA System on Cellular & VLAN
Remote Station
Remote Station
Remote Station
Remote Station
SCADA System on Cellular
& VLAN
Cellular
Network
&
VLAN
Plant #2
Plant #1

5. Radio Networks vs. Cellular Networks
Availability
Resiliency
Maintainability
Performance - Response Time
Bit-rate
Multiple Sessions
Interface with Legacy RTUs/PLCs
Data Usage – Unsolicited mode (DNP3.0, Motorola MDLC)
Peer to Peer Communications
Cyber Security
VPN
Encryption

6. SCADA & IIoT Networks – Complete View
IIoT UI
SCADA
Mobile
Data Center
SMS/
SCADA Server
Data Center - Redundant
Cyber Security
Internet
LAN
VLAN
SMS/
SCADA Server
FEP
VLAN
Wireless Networks
FEP
SCADA Remote Site
IIoT Devices R
Wireless Communication Device R R R R
RTU/PLC R

7. How to Secure Smooth Migration to Cellular?
Plan & Coordinate – plan with IT
Have all information in place, such as Network Topology, information from the Service Provider (i.e. Static IP and VPN) and contacts information for support
Network – consider keeping radios for redundancy, at least in Mission Critical sites
Each team member has clear idea on responsibilities
Side by Side Systems
Add a NEW SCADA server, separated from the one in Production
If needed (i.e. in case direct connectivity to the cellular network) - have a Separate FEP/FIU
Lab RTU/PLC – first tests will be in a lab environment
Migrate
Be ready with a roll-back procedure
Consider keeping radios for redundancy

8. Discussion Questions
Is your company or municipality looking to implement cellular communication between facilities and/or remote sites? Why or why not?
What data would you like to see from a plant or remote site that you can’t get due to slow radio networks?
Have you considered using DNP3.0 Protocol? And are you aware of its benefit for data over cellular networks?