1. Let’s Think Secondary Science Lesson 4 – The P Word
P is about proving. Check that the link is made to the Excel spreadsheet “musical-tubes.xls” if it is intended to be use during slide 5.

2. Randi $1,000,000 Paranormal Challenge
James Randi has offered a prize to anyone who can prove a supernatural power.
Think about how to prove or disprove an entry for the prize.
for detail. As a possible entry task.

3. Can You Prove It? Identify the input and output variables
Alternative hook
Identify the input and output variables
Identify their values
Who would have the evidence you needed?

4. Giggle Stick Describe the sound produced. What are the variables?
Describe a relationship.
The giggle stick provides an hook about pitch and length of the pipe making the noise.
There is a replacement option called “Singing tubes” – see the lesson 4 files.

5. Musical Tubes
Describe to the difference as the two tubes are tapped on the hand
Practice using your two tubes.
Describe a relationship for your tubes.
Is this sufficient evidence for a confident description of the relationship? Why?
Three previous lessons on variables, values and relationships - this is a more complex range and therefore allowing answers at several levels. Although the activity is focussed upon the variables, length, pitch, diameter (width) and type of material, the variables air temperature, timbre and loudness may be mentioned by some groups. If not different air temperature with copper tubes (one warmed in the hand) produces a surprising effect.
Bullet 1- demo.
Bullet 2 – students in pairs.

6. Musical Tubes
Join in with another group to use a wider range of tubes and find as many relationships as you can. Record your results from comparing pairs to tubes in a two column table.
Can you Prove a relationship?
Bullet 1- will give the teacher enough time to give out another four tubes to each group. (8 tubes per group)
The link to the XL spreadsheet provides an optional write on table for the teacher to use in response to answers from the class.
For the quicker groups, the teacher can mediate for other variables e.g. temperature (musicians will know about the tuning difficulties for changes in air temperature), timbre for same tubes sizes but different materials.

7. Review Group presentations of the evidence to prove a relationship.
Make up some sentences to describe your thinking today.
Randi Challenge what would need to be controlled to prove a paranormal effect?
Teacher to add questions to promote metacognition, bridging and visualisation.

8. Proving Relationships

9. End