1. From Receptor-Like Kinases to Calcium Spikes: What Are the Missing Links? 
Feng Yu, Wang Tian, Sheng Luan 
Molecular Plant 
Volume 7, Issue 10, Pages (October 2014)
DOI: /mp/ssu092
Copyright © 2014 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
A Schematic Model Describing the Links between Several RLKs and Calcium Signaling in a Plant Cell.
Upstream signals, such as peptides, hormones, ATP, and elicitors, activate distinct RLKs that could directly or indirectly activate calcium channels/pumps. Calcium spikes are results of influx and efflux of Ca2+ mediated by plasma membrane or endomembrane transport proteins. These proteins include channels that facilitate influx of Ca2+ into the cytosol, and pumps or antiporters that move Ca2+ out of the cytosol. Some of the intermediate effectors include BIK1 and ROPs that may induce calcium transport activities through production of ROS. Calcium signatures may be decoded by combinations of calcium sensors and effectors including calmodulins (CaMs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), and the calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and their interacting kinases (CIPKs). Arrows denote activation, and bars indicate repression.
Molecular Plant 2014 7, DOI: ( /mp/ssu092)
Copyright © 2014 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions