1. Italian white certificates scheme
R. Romani & M. Liberatori
ENEA
Environment Department

2. Italian white certificates scheme
Summary:
Energy efficiency decrees
Eligible projects
White certificates
Sanctions
Measurements and verification of energy savings
Main results

3. Italian economy’s energy intensity
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4. Energy efficiency decrees (1/6)
Issued in April 2001
Innovative strategy that combines a command and control approach with a market based instrument
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5. Energy efficiency decrees (3/6)
On July 2004 was issued an amended version of the two decrees with the following main changes:
Modifications in the distribution of annual quantitative targets;
Postponement of the implementation period (from 2005 to 2009)
Introduction of flexible mechanism in the deadline for achieving the annual savings
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6. Energy efficiency decrees (2/6)
Distribution System Operators* (DSO) are required to achieve quantitative targets of energy efficiency improvements in end-uses
The way for achieving these objectives is left to the market forces (energy efficiency titles or white certificates)
* < customers at Dec. 2001
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7. Energy efficiency decrees (4/6)
Annual Targets (Mtoe)
electricity
gas
year
annual
comulative
2005
0,1
2006
0,2
2007
0,4
2008
0,8
0,3
0,7
2009
1,6
0,6
1,3
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8. Time persistence of energy savings
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9. Energy efficiency decrees (5/6)
The annual target (*) for each DSO at (t) year is proportional at the share of energy distributed in the year (t-2) by each distributors
(*) at least 50% of savings must be achieved in the field where DSO works
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10. Energy efficiency decrees (6/6)
Energy saving targets can be achieved through projects implemented by:
DSO, directly or via controlled companies
Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)
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11. All energy saving projects
Eligible projects
All energy saving projects
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12. Eligible projects (examples)
improvements of energy efficiency in lighting;
combined heat and power systems;
district heating/cooling system;
high efficient boilers;
photovoltaic plants;
household appliances;
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13. Eligible projects (examples)
heat pumps;
air conditioning;
thermal insulation system in buildings;
solar plants for hot water;
high efficiency motors;
variable speed drive;
etc..
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14. Energy Efficiency Titles (TEE) or White Certificates (WhC)
1 WhC for 1 toe of saved primary energy
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15. White Certificates (WhC)
WhC are issued by Electricity Market Operator (GME) once it has been certified that a defined amount of energy saving will be attained by project implementation
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16. Typology of WhC Type 1: certificates savings of electricity
Type 2: certificates savings of gas
Type 3: certificates savings of other fuels
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17. Sanctions
proportional and in any case greater than the investment needed to compensate the non-compliance
established and applied by the Authority for Electric Energy and Gas (AEEG)
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18. Process to recognize energy saving
Implementation of the project
Request of verification
Assessment and certification
Issue of WhC
Exchange of WhC
Transfer of WhC to AEEG
Economic contribution
DSO and ESCO
Entitled project
AEEG
GME
DSO
AEEG to DSO
Phases and Actors
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19. Measurements and Verification of energy savings (M&V)
The definition of technical rules, the implementation, monitoring and enforcement of the whole mechanism are under the responsibility of the Authority for Electric Energy and Gas (AEEG)
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20. Measurements and Verification of energy savings (M&V)
The AEEG developed three evaluation methods:
Default method (no measurement; installed units are considered according to their average energy saving)
Engineering method (some measurement of technical features)
Energy monitoring plan (direct measurement of consumption before and after the project)
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21. Measurements and Verification of energy savings (M&V)
Project threshold (Mtoe/year)
Method
Default
Engineering
Energy monitoring
DSO/ESCOs 25
ESCOs 50
100
DSO
200
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22. Projects evaluated by Default Method (examples of 22 developed formats)
Replacement of incandescent lamps by CFL;
Replacement of electric boilers by gas boilers for heating sanitary water;
Installation of high efficient boilers;
Thermal insulation systems in buildings;
Photovoltaic plants (<20 kW power);
Variable speed drivers
High efficiency electric motors;
Etc…
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23. Measurements and Verification of energy savings (M&V)
On January 2006, in implementation of the Ministerial Decrees, the Authority has decided to draw on the services of ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment).
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24. Measurements and Verification of energy savings (M&V)
The main activities carried out by Enea will be:
technical verification and evaluation of the projects;
monitoring to ensure that the energy saving projects under evaluation are being implemented correctly;
3) the adoption and up-dating of detailed, standardised technical worksheets for use in evaluating projects and quantifying results.
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25. Main results 2005 1000 projects implemented;
Many ESCOs authorised (700 till now)
1000 projects implemented;
0.28 Mtoe of energy saving achieved (with respect to a target of 0.15 Mtoe);
0,75 Mton of CO2 reduced (equivalent to a CO2 emitted from a central power of 160 MW)
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26. Distribution of national target among obliged electricity DSO
Target 2005 (tep)
Acegas-Aps S.p.a, Trieste ,3%
AEM Distribuzione Energia Elettrica S.p.a, Milano ,9%
AEM Torino Distribuzione S.p.a., Torino ,3%
ASM Brescia S.p.a., Brescia ,5%
ACEA Distribuzione S.p.a, Roma ,0%
Azienda Energetica S.p.a., Bolzano ,3%
Deval S.p.a., Aosta ,2%
Enel Distribuzione S.p.a., Roma ,8%
Enìa S.p.a., Parma ,3%
Hera S.p.a, Modena ,4%
Total %
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27. Distribution of national target among obliged gas DSO
Target 2005 (tep)
Acegas-Aps S.p.a, Trieste ,3%
AEM Distribuzione Gas e Calore S.p.a, Milano ,8%
AGSM Rete Gas S.r.l., Verona ,1%
A.M.Gas S.p.a., Bari ,5%
AMG Energia S.p.a., Palermo ,4%
AMGA, S.p.a., Genova ,0%
ASCO Piave S.p.a., Pieve di Soligo (Treviso) ,9%
ASM Brescia S.p.a., Brescia ,8%
Azienda Energia e Servizi S.p.a, Torino ,5%
Compagnia Napoletana S.p.a., Napoli ,5%
Consiag Reti S.r.l., Prato ,7%
ENEL Rete Gas S.p.a., Milano ,3%
Enìa S.p.a., Parma ,7%
FiorentinaGas S.p.a., Firenze ,0%
HERA S.p.a. Bologna ,3%
Italcogim Reti S.p.a., Milano ,4%
Italgas S.p.a., Torino ,8%
SGR Reti S.p.a., Rimini ,6%
Siciliana Gas S.p.a, Palermo ,9%
Toscana Gas S.p.a., Pisa ,5%
Totale %
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28. Demand side of the White Certificates Market
20 Gas Distributors
58,057 toe
10 Electricity Distributors
97,854 toe
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29. Supply side of the White certificates Market
573 electricity and/or gas distributors not target-bound and about 700 ESCOs could partecipate to the WhCs market
Actually only 118 have applied to be enrolled in the Register
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30. First year results
over 350 requests to check and certify the savings achieved through ….
about 1,000 conservation projects
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31. First year period (2005)
50% of projects have been implemented by distribution system operators, while the other 50% by ESCOs;
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32. Tipology of WhCs issued
Between Juanuary 2005 and May 2006, the Authority certified energy saving for toe, and GME issued consequently energy efficiency titles or Whc:
Type I (electricity saving) 75% of the total, four times the minimum quantity required from bounded electricity DSO
Type II (natural gas saving); 22% of the total, two times the quantity required from bounded gas DSO
9.767 Type III (solid, liquid and other gas fuels saving) 3% (for which no target bound was established).
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33. Issued WhCs for subject tipology
Obliged electricity DSO 9,1%
Obliged gas DSO 23,8%
Not target bound distributors 2,5%
ESCOs 64,6%
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34. Total energy saving
The number of WhCs of which has been asked the emission resulted higher than the sum of assigned targets (184%).
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35. The main measures adopted
improvements of energy efficiency in public lighting (59% of total certified savings);
distributed energy generation (ie. Combined Heat and Power system, district heating/cooling system: about 17% of total certified savings);
improvements of energy efficiency in residential sector (ie.: lighting, high efficient boilers, photovoltaic (8%), household appliances, heat pumps, air conditioning; about 15%);
miscellaneous measures for heating in residential and commercial buildings (ie.: high efficient boilers, thermic isolation systems in buildings, solar plants for hot water: 7% circa);
miscellaneous measures on industrial sector (ie.: high efficiency motors, variable speed drive: about 2% of total saving).
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36. Second year period to be verified on may 2007
Target: about toe of energy saving of which:
in the electricity sector
in the gas secor
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37. Italian white certificates system
Thanks for your attention
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