1. Latin America
November 2018

4. What climates are found in Central & South America?

5. Climate
climate zones are determined by latitude, elevation, ocean currents, proximity to oceans and mountains
4 major climate zones in Latin America where the temperature drops 3.5 º F for every 1000 feet increase in elevation

6. How many feet are in a meter?
Don’t forget to convert!

7. Below 20 º F
20 º-55 º F
55 º-65 º F
65 º-75 º F
75 º-80 º F
Sea Level

8. Tierra Nevada (above 15,000ft)
- no permanent human occupants
melted snow/ice maintain water reserves
animals include rodents, small carnivores

9. Tierra Helada (15,000 – 12,000ft) above the tree line, no trees
summer everyday and winter every night
- animals include llamas, alpacas, sheep and vicuña

10. Tierra Fria (12,000 – 6,000ft) below the tree line, trees do grown
animals include sheep,
agricultural products include maize, wheat, barley, potatoes and beans
populated cities include Bogotá, Colombia, and Quito, Ecuador (both capitals of respective countries)

11. Tierra Templada (6,000 – 2,500ft) absence of frost
agricultural products include coffee and cacao
populated cities include Guatemala City, Guatemala, San Salvador, El Salvador, Tegucigalpa, Honduras and San Jose, Costa Rica.

12. Tierra Caliente (2,500ft to sea level)
agricultural products include bananas and sugar cane
high temps all year long
countries include Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and parts of Brazil
home to Amazon Rainforest: more than 2 million sq. mi., 430 in. rain per year, largest in the world

13. Practice #1
In your notebook, name one country you would consider living in – describe what the landscape would look like and explain one reason you think you would like it there.

14. Ocean Currents
Name 2 currents that surround Latin America

15. El Niño
phenomena where warm ocean currents along the coast of Peru replace cold Peruvian currents
presence of the El Nino leads to increased sea-surface temperatures
This causes ocean currents to reverse direction impacting the weather (more rain than normal), agriculture (over irrigation) and fishing (cold water fish can die) industry
Walker = neutral conditions

16. El Niño

17. 3 cold currents California current Falkland/Malvinas current
Peru (Humboldt) current

18. 4 warm currents Equatorial current Brazil current
North Equatorial current
Gulf Stream current

20. Orographic Effect
Mountains force air to lift, causing cooler temperatures, forcing cloud and precipitation formation
Windward side of mountain is wet
Leeward side of mountain is in rainshadow (dry)

21. Patagonian desert is in rainshadow of southern Andes Mountain Range

23. Practice 2
In your notebook, write 3 questions you would expect to see on a quiz.
questions must be based on information you took notes over
include the correct response
Cannot have a yes or no answer