1. Figure 1 Physiological functions of leptin and ghrelin
Figure 1 | Physiological functions of leptin and ghrelin. Leptin and ghrelin are secreted from adipose tissue and from the stomach, respectively, enter the circulation and affect a wide range of physiological processes. In addition to direct peripheral targets, these hormones exert their actions in different regions of the brain, including several nuclei of the hypothalamus that are important for energy homeostasis, where both the 'long' form of the leptin receptor (LepRb) and the ghrelin receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) are broadly expressed. The actions of the two hormones on their receptors regulate food intake and body weight, sympathetic nervous system tone and neuroendocrine responses, which in turn regulate physiological function of peripheral organs to coordinate homeostasis. 3v, third ventricle; ARC, arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; DMH, dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus; LHA, lateral hypothalamic area; PVH, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; VMH, ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Cui, H. et al. (2017) The cellular and molecular bases of leptin and ghrelin resistance in obesity
Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. doi: /nrendo