1. The Inter-War Years

2. The Roaring Twenties 1920s- Period of economic recovery and boom
Superficial prosperity
People invested in stocks
Bought on margin/credit
(Buy now, pay later)
Germany has trouble paying off reparations

3. The Great Depression Stock Market Crash (1929)
Banks failed  Businesses closed  jobs lost
Life savings disappeared
Affects almost all countries in the world
United in trade, etc. especially after WWI
Soviet Union unaffected (not capitalist)

4. Solving the Depression
Unemployment skyrocketed
Reached 30% + in Germany
Government aid programs
Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA)
creates the New Deal
Job creation
Insurance for bank deposits
Social security
Only moderately successful

5. The Rise of Fascism Fascism Nazism – Fascism in Germany
A political philosophy that promotes nation [and often race] above the individual
Stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader
Severe economic and social regulation
Forcible suppression of opposition
Nazism – Fascism in Germany

6. Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler rises to power Becomes Chancellor in 1933
Built support based on
Treaty of Versailles
Anti-Semitism
Poor economy
Used Propaganda heavily
Becomes Chancellor in 1933

7. The Holocaust
Germans begin systematic oppression of Jews in Germany, Europe
Hitler sent Jews to concentration camps
Final Solution – the extermination of European Jews in death camps

11. Fascist Italy/Military Japan
Benito Mussolini & ‘Black Shirts’
Support from military & upper class
Seize control of Rome (1922)
Japanese military takes control
Combat depression by creating empire in Asia
Need for natural resources
Invasion of China (1931)

12. Stalinist Russia Lenin dies in 1924 Joseph Stalin comes to power
Focused on industrialization & modernization
Five Year Plans
( , )
Collectivized farms
Brutally put down opposition

13. World War II

14. Starting the War Hitler violates Treaty of Versailles
Allies do nothing to stop him
Appeasement
Germany, Italy, and Japan form Axis Powers
1939 Germany invades Poland
1941 Japan attacks the USA

15. Fighting in World War II
Unlike the first war, World War II is not a stalemate
Advanced mechanization
Sophisticated tanks, planes, bombs, ships
Quick moving fronts
Swift defeats

18. The End of the War Germany defeated in May, 1945
Britain, France, Russia, United States
Japan defeated in August, 1945
USA drops two atomic bombs
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

19. Hiroshima and Nagasaki

21. Role of Women in WWII
Like the first world war, women replaced men in factories
Produced war materials
Supported rationing efforts
Nurses/medical care