1. CHAPTER 11 The Triumphs and Travails of Jeffersonian Republic, 1800–1812

2. Theme #1
Jefferson’s effective, pragmatic policies strengthened the principles of two-party republican government, even though the Jeffersonian “revolution” caused sharp partisan battles between Federalists and Democratic - Republicans (Republicans) over particular issues.

3. Federalists vs. Democratic Republicans
Election of 1800
Federalists
Democratic-Republicans
Adams, Jay, and Pinckney
Hurt by Adams decision not to go to War against France
Why raise a Navy and not use it?
Many upset by the Alien and Sedition Acts
Jefferson and Burr
Mud slinging from Federalists mostly against Jefferson
Many in the party wanted to take power away from the strong federal government

4. Was it a Revolution?
A peaceful transition of power – no war or violence needed
Since it was another political party of farmers and landowners it was the “people’s party”

5. Jefferson’s Beginning of the Presidency
He declared all Americans were Federalists and all were Republicans
Made some changes
Pardoned some in prison under Sedition Act
Excise taxes, but kept the National Bank
Reduced national debt
Cut back the Navy and Army
Problems with “midnight judges”

6. Marbury vs. Madison Judiciary Act of 1789
Federalist appointments under Adams
Madison (new Sec. of State) waited on the appointments and William Marbury sued
1803 ruling set up judicial review

7. Thomas Jefferson Discussion Questions
In what ways was his presidency good for the people?
 In what ways was his presidency good for the country?
 How much of a “revolution” was Jefferson’ presidency?
 Do you think he was a good president? Why or why not?

8. Theme #2
Despite his intentions, Jefferson became deeply entangled in the foreign-policy conflicts of the Napoleonic era, leading to a highly unpopular and failed embargo that revived the moribund Federalist Party.

9. International Events and Jefferson’s Foreign Policy
1801 – Tripolian War against the Barbary States Pirate
Marines got involved and eventually a treaty was signed in 1805
Louisiana Territory
Monroe sent to France to negotiate buying New Orleans, instead bought all of the territory for $15 M
Constitutionality of buying land?

10. Britain and France in War
Jefferson did not want War even though…
Impressment of sailors by Britain
French seizure of American merchant ships
Embargo Act of 1807
Suspension of all exported goods
Harmed New England states
Also hurt farmers who could not export tobacco, grains, and cotton
1809 – Congress repealed it and replaced it with the Non- Intercourse Act ( embargo with France and Britain only)
Impact of the Embargo?

11. More Discussion on Thomas Jefferson
 How do these international events shape Jefferson’s Presidency?
 How would you rate Jefferson’s presidency in terms of foreign affairs?

12. Theme #3
James Madison fell into an international trap, set by Napoleon, that Jefferson had avoided. Western War Hawks’ enthusiasm for a war with Britain was matched by New Englanders’ hostility.   

13. James Madison and the Road to the War of 1812
Britain and France in War
Trade Issues and Neutrality
Impressment Issue
Native American Issue
Unevacuated Forts in the Ohio River Valley and beyond
2nd War of Independence (to prove ability to self-govern / self defend)

14. Discussion: Comparing Jefferson & Madison
Was Madison more or less successful than Jefferson in international affairs?
 Madison is now a Democratic-Republican. Why? Has he changed? Has the country changed?