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Introduction to Cells Smallest Units of Life
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What are cells? Cells are the smallest structural and functional units of life.
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Your Body Has 90 Trillions Cells
That's a 90 followed by 12 zeros.
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Form Follows Function The shape of a cell depends on what the cell does. Muscle cells are different than bone cells.
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Plant Cells Plant cells have flat sides and are green because of a chlorophyll (pigment).
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Animal Cells Animal Cells are generally pictured as round but they could be other irregular shapes.
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What’s inside of cells? Cells contain structures called “organelles” which means little organs.
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Nucleus The most important organelle because it contains DNA (genetic information).
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Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells have a Nucleus.
Example-Plants and Animals
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Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells like Bacteria do not have a Nucleus.
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Cell Size Cells can’t get too big or they will break like a water balloon.
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Who discovered cells? Robert Hooke discovered cells looking at cork under a microscope hundreds of years ago.
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How are cells viewed? Cells are generally viewed with a compound microscope that has 2 or more lenses.
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Microscopes Resolution-makes images clearer
Magnification-makes object bigger.
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The modern microscope Stage-where you put the slide.
Objectives-magnify image
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Microscope lens Microscope lenses are convex.
This means that they are curved outward like a fish eye.
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Levels of Organization
Cells form tissues which then form organs.
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Scanning Electron Microscope
An SEM is one of the most powerful kinds of microscopes.
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Single Celled Organisms
Some organisms like these bacteria are made of only one cell.
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Cell Theory All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. All cells come from other cells.
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Thanks for your attention!
Study hard for the test!
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Review Questions
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1. What are cells?
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2. Who discovered cells?
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3. What are the parts inside a cell called?
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4. Why is the nucleus important to cells?
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5. How are plants cells different from animal cells?
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6. What would happen if cells get too big?
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7. What is an Eukaryotic cell?
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8. How many cells do people have?
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9. How do people look at cells?
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10. True or False. All cells come from other cells.
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11. Form follows __________.
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12. True or False. Bacteria are single celled organisms.
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