1. Metrics Review Units = Base (Meters, Liters, and Grams)
Symbols = g, L, m, mL, km
Prefixes = kilo, hecto, deka, deci, centi, & milli
What do the prefixes mean?
Kilo = 1000 (thousand) Deci = .1 (tenths)
Hecto = 100 (hundred) -Centi = .01 (hundredths)
Deka = 10 (ten) Milli = .001 (thousandths)

2. Warm Up What is a model? Name several types of models.
What models have you used?

3. What is a Model? Representation of object or system.
Explains how something works or describes its structure.
Makes predictions or explains observations.

4. Skeleton (what is a limitation of a skeletal model?)
Physical Models
Toy car
Skeleton (what is a limitation of a skeletal model?)

5. Made up of numbers Equations Other forms of data Punnett Squares
Mathematical Models
Made up of numbers
Equations
Other forms of data
Punnett Squares

6. Conceptual Models Represent systems or ideas
Compares familiar things with unfamiliar things
Comparisons help explain unfamiliar things (classification)

7. Benefits of Models Represents things that are very small or very large
Represents things that are complicated or no longer exist
Dinosaurs

8. Scientific Theories Scientific Theories Scientific Laws
An explanation that ties together many related facts, related facts, observations, and tested hypotheses.
Conceptual model
Helps to organize scientific thinking
Widely accepted
Evolution
Summary of experimental results and observations.
What will happen in a specific situation.
Newton’s Laws of Physics

9. Let’s Review

10. Scientists Belong to a World Community
Scientists interact with society
War, weapons
Famine, greater food production
Disease, cure

11. Society Affects Scientific Research
Technology
Computer
Internet
Space Science
Iron Man
Cars
Cell Phones
Benefits/Risks

12. Society’s Values Shape Scientific Ethics
What are ethics
A system which deals with the distinction between right and wrong.
These rules help protect scientists, themselves, society, and the natural world.
Give me an example
Investigate Ethics
Informed Consent

13. Variables Independent Dependent Manipulated What was changed Cause
Testing how salt affects the freezing temperature of water.
Change the amount of salt used.
Responding
How did it respond to the change?
Effect
The temperature at which the water freezes depends on the amount of salt used.

14. Controls Experimental Group Control Group
Testing the effect of a new fertilizer
Plant seeds are different so we are going to plant a number of seeds in pots that contain the new fertilizer.
Each seed becomes a trial
A set of trials with the same value of the independent variable.
How do we know if the new fertilizer works?
Use a control for comparison.
Add the currently used fertilizer to some pots, then put seeds in them.
The control and experimental group are treated equally except for the fertilizer.
Any changes is because of the fertilizer used.