1. Brave new world Aldous huxley

2. “O wonder. How many goodly creatures are there here
“O wonder! How many goodly creatures are there here! How beautious mankind is! O brave new world That has such people in’t!” William Shakespeare, The Tempest (V, ii)

3. The author: Aldous huxley
Family had many notable members, including great uncle, poet Matthew Arnold
Plagued with vision problems throughout his life
Attended Oxford University, became a teacher
Published Brave New World in 1932
Lived in the US in later life, died while living in L.A.
His “novels of ideas” have sometimes been criticized as being “too intellectual”

4. Community Identity Stability

5. What is satire?
A piece of literature designed to ridicule the subject of the work.
While satire can be funny, its aim is not to amuse, but to arouse contempt.
Ridicule, irony, exaggeration, and several other techniques are almost always present.

6. Utopian and dystopian literature

7. A Utopia is a place or society that appears perfect in every way.
What is utopia?
A Utopia is a place or society that appears perfect in every way.
The government is perfect, working to improve societies standards of living rather then their own, social aspects of the community run perfectly.
There is no war or disease, only peace and happiness. Everyone outside this Utopian society looks to this place in wonder and awe, believing it is completely perfect in every such way.

8. What is dystopia? Dystopia came from the term Utopia.
It defines a place or society which is in complete chaos.
The citizens are all suffering and are miserable.
Often times in novels what appears to be a Utopian society it first by the visiting protagonist is actually revealed to be a dystopian society.
The citizens are often revealed to live in terror, under complete control by the government, unaware of corrupt world in which they actually live in, or suppressed by the society as a whole.

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10. Some Famous Dystopian Novels

11. What is brave new world?
A dystopian tale about a possible future world where human faith in scientific progress, freedom, dignity, and individuality are all called into question.
Set in two locations in the 26th century:
London and a New Mexico Indian reservation

12. Narration: Third-person omniscient
Setting: 2540 AD; referred to in the novel as 632 years AF (“After Ford”), meaning 632 years after production of the first Model T car
Narration: Third-person omniscient
Although the novel was originally published in 1932, the themes in Brave New World are quite relevant to the world in which we live today. Some would even call this novel prophetic, considering the present state of things: brain-numbing advances in technology and the internet; our tendency to waste time on meaningless diversions such as television and video games; consumerism surpassing religion (take Christmas, for example); promiscuity surpassing morality; issues of eugenics, cloning, stem-cell research and genetic engineering; and, most strikingly, the overly-prescribed and overly- used medications such as anti-depressants and sleeping pills, so like the fictional “Soma” of Huxley’s novel

13. Peaceful, stable global society Goods and resources are plenty
Most of the population is unified under The World State; population limited to 2 billion people
Peaceful, stable global society
Goods and resources are plenty
Everyone is happy
The ideas of family, motherhood, and pregnancy are considered pornographic

14. Sigmund Freud Psychiatrist Psychoanalysis
Mental health and illness spring from a child’s upbringing, not his heredity
Orgy Porgy – group sexual experience to unify all people (sex is not the focus, unity is)
Solidarity Service – group of men and women who gather to take Soma and have a spiritual experience

15. Soma Hallucinogen Hangover-free Creates “holidays”
Used at any sign of stress, discomfort
Sprayed at a riot
Taken for enjoyment (ice cream soma bar)

16. Do we have a modern soma?
Consider the number of ads for prescription drugs, which are permitted only in the United States and New Zealand
Doctors and consumer advocates believe these ads drive
up health-care costs and seduce millions
into asking their MDs for drugs they don’t
need for diseases they had never
before heard of, like restless leg syndrome

17. Death People typically die at 60, remaining youthful their whole life
Death isn’t feared; children are conditioned, given treats when visiting hospital
Concept of family doesn’t exist, so no one mourns
Bodies are cremated, and 98% of phosphorous is recovered, instead of being wasted

18. American car manufacturer, inventor of the assembly line
Religion of the World State based on the life and philosophies of Henry Ford.
American car manufacturer, inventor of the assembly line
Invented the Model T car – designed to be affordable to everyone; only available in black
Mass production & mass consumption
Assembly line = improved efficiency
Vertical structure = self sufficient
“Our ford”

19. Alphas (Α)– highest, grey Betas (Β)- mulberry, bottle green
Caste System:
Alphas (Α)– highest, grey
Betas (Β)- mulberry, bottle green
Gammas (Γ)- leaf green
Deltas (Δ)- khaki
Epsilons (Ε)– lowest, black
There are also plusses and minuses, so one can be an Alpha Plus or a Gamma Minus.
Differentiation achieved through oxygen deprivation

20. Some individuals are created using the Bokanovsky Process
Fertilization process used to create Deltas & Epsilons
Divide fertilized eggs to produce identical twins
Produces up to 96 embryos, but 72 is the average
Primary instrument of social stability

21. “The greatest moralizing and socializing force of all time” (28).
Government organization “conditions” the lower caste children using
Hypnopaedia
“The greatest moralizing and socializing force of all time” (28).
Sleep teaching
Moral education
Class conditioning
“The child’s mind is these suggestions, and the sum of the suggestions is the child’s mind” (28-29).

22. Citizens must not fall in love, marry, or have their own children.
A society where all aspects of an individual's life are determined by the state, beginning with conception and conveyor-belt reproduction.
A government bureau, the Predestinators, decides all roles in the hierarchy.
Children are raised and conditioned by the state bureaucracy, not brought up by natural families.
Citizens must not fall in love, marry, or have their own children.

23. There are only 10,000 surnames.
Citizens must not fall in love, marry, or have their own kids.

24. Brave New World is centered around both control and manipulation
He instills the fear that a future world state may rob us of the right to be unhappy.

25. Huxley on advertising, the media, and propaganda
"This is rather alarming that you're being persuaded below the level of choice and reason... Advertisement plays a necessary role but the danger of it to a democracy is this: a democracy depends on the individual voter making a rational choice for enlightened self- interest. What these people are doing [advertisers] when their purpose is selling goods, what the dictatorial propagandists are doing, is to try to bypass the rational side of humanity and to appeal directly to these unconscious forces below the surface--so that you are in a way making nonsense of the democratic procedure which is based on conscious choice on rational grounds... Today's children walk around singing beer commercials and toothpaste commercials."  

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27. Are we living in a brave new world?
Do you agree that…
History is worthless?
Everyone belongs to everyone else?
Throwing something away is better than fixing it?
No one really needs a mother?
The elderly are worthless members of society?
Cleanliness is next to godliness?
You should never put off until tomorrow the fun you can have today?