1. IMO work to address GHG emissions from ships

2. Outcomes of the Marine Environmental Protection Committee 73 (MEPC 73)
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN THE MARITIME SHIPPING INDUSTRY
Outcomes of the Marine Environmental Protection Committee 73 (MEPC 73)
MTCC-Africa Ghana National Workshop | 04th -05th February | Tema, Ghana
Presentation Developed by : Global MTCC Network (GMN)
Presented by : Lydia Ngugi
The Global MTCC Network (GMN) project is funded by the European Union and implemented by IMO
The views expressed in this presentation can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union

3. Adoption of the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG emissions from ships
The Initial Strategy includes a Vision to phase out GHG emissions as soon as possible in this century
It identifies Levels of Ambition as follows:
Review with the aim to strengthen the Energy Efficiency design requirements;
Reduction of CO2 emissions per transport work, as an average across international shipping, by at least 40% by 2030, pursuing efforts towards 70% by 2050, compared to 2008;
Peak GHG emissions as soon as possible and reduce GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2008 whilst pursuing efforts towards phasing them out as called for in the Vision as a point on a pathway of CO2 emissions reduction consistent with the Paris Agreement temperature goals
adopted

4. Adoption of the Initial IMO Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships
- The adoption of the Initial IMO GHG Strategy in April has been welcomed as a significant milestone in the history of the Organization.
It has been largely saluted by the UN Secretary-General, many Member States and the shipping industry as providing the expected signal to engage towards low- and zero-carbon shipping
The Initial Strategy is now the framework for further action of IMO to address GHG emissions from ships

5. Programme of follow-up actions of the Initial Strategy up to 2023
Last week the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 73) gathered in London and approved the Programme of follow-up actions of the Initial IMO Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships up to 2023
This programme of actions identifies several parallel streams of activity:
Consideration of concrete proposals for new measures by MEPC 74 (May 2019)
Mechanism to assess impacts on States of measures
Fourth IMO GHG Study to update estimates and projections
Capacity-building, technical cooperation, R&D

6. Example of candidate short-term measure: ports
the Initial Strategy identifies as a candidate short-term measure : “ ”

7. IMO 2020 sulphur regulation

8. IMO 2020 sulphur regulation
ECA
Non-ECA
4.50
3.50
1.50
1.00
0.10
0.50
Fuel oil
% sulphur
Review completed 2016
Time
Following amendments of MARPOL Annex VI adopted in 2008, from 1 January 2020 the sulphur content of any fuel used on board ships shall not exceed 0.50% globally.
Since 1 January 2015, the limit of 0.10% was set in Emission Control Ares (ECAs)
91 Contracting States are Parties to MARPOL Annex VI, the merchant fleet of which represents over 96% of the worlds fleet in tonnage
A study commissioned by IMO in 2016 showed that postponing the effective date of 1 January 2020 to 2025 would cause premature deaths

9. IMO 2020 sulphur regulation
MEPC 70 (October 2016) approved report on “Assessment of Fuel Oil Availability” and confirmed effective date of 1 January 2020
“In all scenarios, the supply of marine fuels with a sulphur content of 0.50% m/m or less and with a sulphur content of 0.10% m/m or less is projected to meet demand for these products.”
MEPC 71 (July 2017) approved a new output for the PPR Sub-Committee on “Consistent implementation of the 0.50% m/m sulphur limit” - Intersessional meeting held July 2018
“Carriage ban”
MEPC 73 adopted amendments to MARPOL Annex VI to “prohibit the carriage of non-compliant fuel oil for combustion purposes for propulsion or operation on board a ship” for entry into force on 1 March 2020 unless the ship has an exhaust gas cleaning system ("scrubber") fitted
IMO is working towards timely, consistent and uniform implementation of the regulation
MEPC and PPR provide relevant tools for Flag/Port and Coastal States, shipowners and operators, bunker suppliers, etc.
The carriage ban on non-compliant fuel oil would mean a ship found by port State control to be carrying non-compliant fuel oil will provide ‘clear grounds’ for further investigation and possible enforcement action and so will significantly enhance high-seas compliance

10. IMO 2020 Sulphur regulation
MEPC 73 approved Guidance on best practice for fuel oil suppliers and Guidance on ship implementation planning that includes an indicative plan that identifies the following key elements:
risk assessment and mitigation plan (impact of new fuels);
fuel oil system modifications and tank cleaning (if needed);
fuel oil capacity and segregation capability;
procurement of compliant fuel;
fuel oil changeover plan (conventional residual fuel oils to 0.50% sulphur compliant fuel oil); and
documentation and reporting.
Additional guidance that could be taken into account is also provided on impact on machinery systems and on tank cleaning.
MEPC 73 invite further concrete proposals on how to enhance the implementation of regulation 18 of MARPOL Annex VI, in particular on fuel oil quality and reporting of non-availability of compliant fuel oils, to MEPC 74
Examples of supporting instruments developed by IMO to ensure consistent implementation of the 2020 sulphur regulation
High seas enforcement primarily dependent on flag State, not port State, as use of fuel oil primarily will take place on ‘high seas’ for deep sea shipping
enforcement differences may occur globally but ships are inspected globally and ‘high risk’ ships are increasingly targeted by port State authorities
risk criteria include flag State, type of ship, port State control inspection record

11. THANK YOU!

12. MTCC-Africa Consortium Members
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT)
Kenya Maritime Authority (KMA)
Kenya Ports Authority (KPA)
Host Institution