1. New England Colonies 3.2
Chapter 3 section 2

2. The Voyage of the Mayflower
Pilgrims—Separatist religious group; separate from Church of England
To escape persecution, they sail to Americas
Pilgrims land at Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620)
To establish order they sign the Mayflower Compact:
vow to obey laws agreed upon for the good of the colony
establishes idea of self-government, majority rule

3. The Pilgrims Found Plymouth
Pilgrims endure hardships; half of group dies by spring
Make friends with Squanto, a Pawtuxet
Squanto sets up peace treaty between Pilgrims and Native Americans
Squanto shows Pilgrims how to plant, hunt, fish
Pilgrims trade with Native Americans, send lumber to England for profit
Pilgrims, Native Americans celebrate harvest—first Thanksgiving

4. The Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay
Puritans—religious group, wants to reform Church of England
To escape persecution, many Puritans sail to Americas (1630–1640)
This movement of Puritans is known as the Great Migration
1,000 Puritans arrive at Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)
They are well prepared; do not starve
First governor John Winthrop sets up a commonwealth

5. The New England Way Basic unit of the commonwealth is congregation:
group of people who belong to same church
each congregation sets up own town
each town has a form of self-government
Puritans follow the “New England Way”:
emphasizes duty, godliness, hard work, honesty
work ethic helps growth of New England colonies
requires that all children learn to read

6. The New England Way Puritan congregations set up new colonies
Thomas Hooker adopts Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639):
extends voting rights to non-church members
limits power of governor
expands idea of representative government
Portsmouth is first European settlement in New Hampshire

7. Challenges to Puritan Leaders
Massachusetts minister Roger Williams opposes “New England Way”
Forced to leave colony, he founds colony of Rhode Island (1636)
This colony guarantees religious freedom, separation of church/state
Anne Hutchinson believes person can worship without church, Bible
Quakers believe person can know God through “inner light”
Also believe in treating Native Americans fairly, persecuted for this

8. King Philip’s War
Growing tensions over land between colonists, Native Americans
Europeans and Native Americans define land ownership differently:
to Europeans, land can be owned by individuals
to Native Americans, land belongs to everyone
King Philip’s War (1675–1676)—war between Puritans, Native Americans
Native Americans lose war, are forced to become laborers
English settlers expand farther into Native American lands

9. The Salem Witch Trials
By late 1600s, societal changes lead to fear, suspicion in New England
Pretending to be bewitched, girls falsely accuse others of witchcraft
Witch-hunts begin (1692); more than 100 people are arrested, tried
20 found guilty and put to death
Panic short-lived; experience shows how society can make scapegoats