1. Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy

3. Steps in Respiration glycolysis
breakdown of pyruvic acid (prep for C-A-C)
citric acid cycle (C-A-C)
electron transport chain
**steps 2 and 3 are sometimes referred to as the Kreb’s Cycle

4. Glycolysis
glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid (pyruvate)
Anaerobic process
occurs in cytoplasm
Produces 4 molecules of ATP, but uses 2 ATP
net gain = 2 ATP

5. Glycolysis Splits a glucose molecule into 2 - 3 Carbon
molecules called
PYRUVATE.
products: 2 ATP, NADH and pyruvate

7. The Citric Acid Cycle
Products: CO2, ATP, NADH, FADH

8. Products of the Electron Transport Chain
34-38 ATP +
Water

9. ONE GLUCOSE MOLECULE PRODUCES 38 ATP
Each NADH ATP
Each FADH ATP
Glycolysis (2 NADH) 6 ATP
Prep for Citric Acid 6 ATP
Citric Acid (6 NADH) ATP
(2 FADH2) 4 ATP
34 ATP
direct 4 ATP
total 38 ATP

10. Typically, a human will use up their body weight of ATP over the course of the day.
This means that each ATP molecule is recycled 1000 to 1500 times during a single day. ATP cannot be stored, hence its consumption closely follows its synthesis.

11. Cells Recycle ATP

12. after glycolysis: if oxygen is present,  aerobic respiration
no oxygen  anaerobic respiration (fermentation)
2 types of fermentation
Alcoholic (occurs when baking- yeast breaks down sugar and produces CO2 and also producing alcohol)
Lactic acid (occurs in your muscles)

13. Alcoholic Fermentation
Some organisms carry out alcoholic fermentation. This was
discovered by Louis Pasteur in his study of the chemistry
of wines. Yeasts break down the sugars in the juice to
pyruvate by glycolysis, then the pyruvate is dismantled to
yeild CO2 and ETHANOL. If the fermentation continues
until all the sugar is used, a dry wine is produced. If
fermentation is stopped before all the sugar is used, then
a sweet wine is produced.

15. Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration
takes longer
produces ~40 ATP (2 are used up, net gain is 38)
Fermentation
fast
2 ATP produced; only able to run glycolysis again (no net gain)

16. What happens when there is no oxygen to accept the electrons?
Only the process of glycolysis is carried out and lactic
acid is produced in the muscles. The body cannot
tolerate much lactic acid and it must eventually be
converted in the liver to pyruvate.
results in muscle soreness