1. Big Data
Gulriz Kurban

2. Four Vs of Big Data
Volume
Variety
Velocity
Veracity

4. Volume
IRS: (Economic Mobility) During fiscal year 2017, the IRS processed more than 245 million tax returns and other forms and issued more than 121 million individual income tax refunds.

6. Velocity

7. Variety Structured Data: Databases
Unstructured Data: Text, Images, Audio and Videos

8. Structured Data: Databases
Sale Data: Netflix (118M subscribers), Amazon (Recommender systems)
Electronic Health Data: Demographic information, diagnosis codes.
Genotype data: SNPs

9. Unstructured Data: Text (NLP)
Social Networks: Twitter, Facebook (Topic modeling)
News feeds
Health Data: Doctor’s notes
Scientific Publications (drug toxicity)
Books (digital humanities)

11. Unstructured Data: Images
Instagram images
Companies: Shutterstock
Satellite Images

13. Kevin Matzen, Kavita Bala, and Noah Snavely at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York

14. Unstructured Data: Audio and Videos
Enhanced organization and search using the video content:
process videos frame-by-frame
analyze gestures
transcribe spoken language
use facial recognition
(YouTube, IBM Cloud Video, thuuz.com – personalized sports highlights, Alexa)

15. Veracity: Biases and noise in data
Bias: Data mining social networks for election and referendum predictions Noise: Electronic health records data entry

16. Big Data and Poverty

17. Big Data and Poverty
Low-income communities are among the most surveilled communities in America: public-benefits programs child-welfare systems monitoring programs for domestic-abuse offenders