1. Lotion Air Ice Glass L Sand Jell-O Clay A Fart S G S S S S G
Solid, Liquid, or Gas?
Lotion
Air
Ice
Glass L
Sand
Jell-O
Clay
A Fart S G S S S S G

2. Follow along in your text Chapter 1 Sections 1-3 Pages 4 - 28
What is Matter?
Follow along in your text
Chapter 1 Sections 1-3
Pages

3. Scientific Method Purpose – why? Or a problem
Research – look for info about it
Hypothesis – I think…
Experiment – test it out
Analysis – review your data
Conclusion – I found out that…

4. Which Aspirin is Strongest?
You read the label on every bottle and find out which brand doctors recommend most on the internet.
Research
You use iodine and a pH meter to test the acidity of each brand.
Experiment
You think that Bayer aspirin works best before you test them.
Hypothesis
Based on your results, you found that Anacin works best.
Conclusion
You have a headache and want to know which brand of aspirin works best
Purpose
You examine all of the results from your test.
Analysis

5. What is Chemistry?
Chemistry concerns the properties of chemicals & the changes they undergo
A chemical is any substance with a definite composition meaning that it is always made of the same stuff.
Chemical Reactions are the changes that occur in chemicals and they are happening all around you all of the time.

6. Sunlight + water + CO2 → Sugar + O2
Chemical Reactions
Let’s look at photosynthesis!
Sunlight + water + CO2 → Sugar + O2
Products
Right side of reaction
What is formed
Reactants
Left side of reaction
What is combined

7. Energy Energy Capacity to do some kind of work Heat
Energy transferred between objects
Temperature
Measurement of average kinetic energy

8. Four States of Matter Solids
very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around
fixed shape
fixed volume

9. Four States of Matter Liquids
low KE - particles can move around but are still close together
variable shape
fixed volume

10. Four States of Matter Gases
high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container
variable shape
variable volume

11. Four States of Matter Plasma
very high KE - particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-)
gas-like, variable shape & volume
stars, fluorescent light bulbs, CRTs

12. Energy Energy Capacity to do some kind of work Heat
Energy transferred between objects
Temperature
Measurement of average kinetic energy

13. Properties of Matter Volume Space matter occupies (mL or L) Mass
Amount of matter (g or kg)
Not the same as weight

14. Physical vs. Chemical Physical Property
can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
Chemical Property
describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity

15. Physical vs. Chemical Physical Change
changes the form of a substance without changing its identity
properties remain the same
Chemical Change
changes the identity of a substance
products have different properties

16. Chemical Changes Signs of a Chemical Change change in color or odor
formation of a gas or a precipitate (solid)
change in light or heat

17. Physical vs. Chemical Examples: melting point flammable density
magnetic
tarnishes in air
physical
chemical

18. Physical vs. Chemical Examples: rusting iron dissolving in water
burning a log
melting ice
grinding spices
chemical
physical

19. Can it be physically separated?
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
yes no
Can it be physically separated?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be chemically decomposed? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element
Colloids
Suspensions

20. Matter Flowchart Examples: graphite pepper sugar (sucrose) paint soda
element
hetero. mixture
compound
solution

21. Pure Substances Element composed of identical atoms
smallest part of an element
EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

22. Pure Substances Compound
composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
properties differ from those of individual elements
EX: table salt (NaCl)

23. Mixtures Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous

24. Mixtures Solution homogeneous very small particles no Tyndall effect
particles don’t settle
EX: rubbing alcohol

25. Mixtures Colloid heterogeneous medium-sized particles Tyndall effect
particles don’t settle
EX: milk

26. Mixtures Suspension heterogeneous large particles Tyndall effect
particles settle
EX: fresh-squeezed lemonade

27. Mixtures Examples: mayonnaise muddy water fog saltwater
Italian salad dressing
colloid
suspension
solution