1. Reconstruction

7. Reconstruction
rebuilding after the war, bringing south back into Union, fix their economy, and promote African Americans rights
Making the states “united” once again

8. Lincoln’s Plan Reconcile with south, not punish the south
South had to accept 13th Amendment
Amnesty: pardoned all who took an oath of loyalty to US, except officers and leaders
10 Percent Plan: once 10% of voters took oath to the Union a state could be readmitted

9. Freedmen’s Bureau
Provided food, clothing, healthcare, and education to black and white refugees of the South
Represented black citizens in court and in labor disputes
Reunited families

10. Johnson’s Plan Became president after Lincoln was assassinated
Similar to Lincoln’s but didn’t require the 10%
Allowed officers to be pardoned and take office
Accept 13th Amendment, but not the right to vote
Accepted by South…many states rejoin the Union

11. Resistance to Johnson’s Plan
Radical Republicans in Congress want African Americans to have suffrage
Southern states pass black codes that severely limited the rights of AA and kept them as landless workers
Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866 to give civil liberties to AA but Johnson vetoes it, then Radical Republican override his veto

12. Congressional Reconstruction
Accepted the 13th Amendment (abolished slavery)
Passed the 14th Amendment giving citizenship and equal protection under the law to all African Americans
Military Reconstruction Act: set up five military districts in the South
States had to accept 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

13. Johnson’s Impeachment
Radical Republicans worried Johnson would undermine their plan, so they pass the Tenure of Office Act: Senate had to approve the removal of gov’t officials
Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act so the Senate impeaches (accuse him of wrongdoings) Johnson
He is not removed from office because he promises to follow Congressional Reconstruction Plan

14. Grant in Office
Grant won the Election of 1868 with the help of AA voters because the 15th Amendment (gave former slaves the right to vote)
His entire time in office was plagued with corruption
Used the spoils system, his friends were corrupt
Worst scandal was the Whiskey Ring in which officials were selling tax stamps for whiskey for less than their real value

15. Republicans in the South
Southerners are Democrats…always vote Democrat=Solid South
African Americans support Republicans
Jim Crow Laws: laws created in the South to segregate African Americans
Scalawags: white Republicans in the South…hated
Carpetbaggers: northern Republicans who move South for economic opportunities…hated

16. The Southern Economy Sharecropping:
Landowner provides person with a place to live, seeds and tools and when crops are harvested the renter must give a portion of his crop but interest rates were high and sharecropper stayed in debt
Many former slaves become sharecroppers
Tenant Farmers: tenant paid rent in cash to a landowner and was free to do whatever with his land

17. Ku Klux Klan
The more progress AA made the more hostile white southerners became
Terrorized and intimidated AA by burning homes, schools and churches or beating/killing AA
Dressed in white robs and hoods
Congress tried to stop them with Enforcement Acts but being in the KKK is not illegal but most of their activities are illegal

18. The Election of 1876 and the Compromise of 1877
Republicans (North) win electoral college but Democrats (South) win popular vote
Could have led to another rebellion
In the end the Compromise of 1877 satisfies both the North and the South
North Happy: Republican Rutherford B. Hayes is elected
South Happy: troops are removed from the South
Significance: Reconstruction is over with the Compromise of 1877 and removal of troops