1. States of Matter

3. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

4. The Kinetic Theory of Matter:
All matter is composed of tiny particles.
The particles are in constant, random motion
These particles collide with each other and the walls of their container.

5. States of Matter

7. States of Matter Liquid close together
Shape
Volume
Particle Arrangement
Particle
Movement
Compressable
(ability of particles to be squeezed closer together)
Solid
definite
stay in place, closely packed together
vibrate in place
cannot be compressed
Liquid
not
definite
close together
constantly moving, can slide past each other
cannot be compressed
Gas
not
definite
spread apart
constant random motion
can be compressed

8. (energy a moving object has) Force of attraction between particles
Comparing Temperature, Energy, and force of Attraction between Particles
State
Temperature
Kinetic Energy
(energy a moving object has)
Force of attraction between particles
Solid
Lowest
Strongest
Liquid
Higher than a solid but
lower than a gas
Weaker than a solid but stronger than a gas
Gas
Highest
No attraction

9. Plasma a state of matter beyond the gas state
a gas-like mixture with no definite volume or shape that is made up of positively and negatively charged particles
has enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between its particles and the attractive forces within its atoms.
The most common state of matter in the universe.
The stars and the sun are composed of plasma.

10. Plasma

11. Solid, Liquid, or Gas ____ Has no definite shape or volume
____ Particles tightly packed together
____ Has a no definite shape but has definite volume
____ Oxygen, steam, helium
____ Has a definite shape and volume
____ Particles are far apart and move freely
____ Ice, sugar, salt
____ Water, hydrochloric acid, lemon juice
____ Particles are close together but are able to move around each
other

12. Phase Changes
Heat Up, Cooling Down

13. Phase Changes

14. Phase Changes

15. Phase Change Diagram

16. Phase Change Diagram

17. Phase Change Diagram

18. Phase Change Diagram

19. Solid vs. Liquid vs. Gas
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of ice when it melts?
They gain energy and break up into atoms of
hydrogen and oxygen.
They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere.
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about.
D. They lose energy and lose freedom to move about.

20. Which change in state requires energy be removed from the substance?
Solid vs. Liquid vs. Gas
Which change in state requires energy be removed from the substance?
A. melting B. evaporation C. condensation D. sublimation

21. Solid vs. Liquid vs. Gas
Under the same conditions of pressure and temperature, a liquid differs from a gas because the molecules of the liquid A. have no regular arrangement. B. are in constant motion. C. have stronger forces of attraction between them. D. take the shape of the container they are in.