1. MOVEMENT IN ARTHROPODS
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

2. The Arthropods Oedipoda-germanica © P Billiet Arachnid © P Billiet
Carcinus-maenas © P Billiet
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

3. Arthropod muscle system
Inside an Arthropod
Arthropod muscle system
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

4. The Arthropod
Exoskeleton made of chitin – reinforced with calcium in crustaceans
Limbs segmentally arranged
Flexible joints permit movement
Antagonistic muscles attach inside the tubular limbs
Flexors and extensors are on the opposite sides of the limb to a vertebrate with its endoskeleton
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

5. The Arthropod
Prionus coriarius © P Billiet
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

6. The Arthropod Movement is programmed by the nervous system
Movement can be very fast (a cockroach can run at 1ms-1)
Legs rise and fall in sequence down one side – a locomotory wave
Alternating locomotory waves pass on each side of the body
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

7. Locomotary wave
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS