0. Digital TV SOC
Nov 6, 2003
SAT GR, DTV Lab
LG Electronics Inc.

1. TV technology 방식 1994 DIRECTV (미국 위성 1998 DVB-T, S, C (유럽) 1999 ATSC
(미국 지상파)
2000
ARIB
(일본 위성)
digital TV
Color TV
NTSC(’1954 미국)
PAL(’1967 독일)
SECAM(’1967 프랑스)
1991
MUSE
(일본 위성)
analog TV
SDTV(720x480i)
HDTV(1920x1080i)
해상도

2. DTV technology Broadcasting Convergence/networking mobile 방송 환경 대응
지상파
Data 방송
지상파 DMB 위성
PVR
위성 DMB
Cable
networking
현장감 (고화질/고음질)
사용성/편리성
이동성
home
mobile

3. DTV 분류 분리형 : HD display Set top box : DTV 신호 수신
Analog TV 수신 가능
Set top box : DTV 신호 수신
VSB, MPEG-2 decoder, AC-3 decoder
일체형 = 분리형 + Set top box
분리형 DTV
Set top box
일체형 DTV

4. Display 종류 및 장/단점 DIRECT view (CRT) TV PRT Projection TV
LCD Projection TV
장점 : 화질 우수, 가격 저렴
단점 : 대화면 불가능,무게
장점 : 대화면, 가격 저렴
단점 : Convergence, 두께, 높이,무게
장점 : 대화면, 얇다, 높이, 밝기(3판)
단점 : 비싼 가격, On Time(40초)
DLP Projection TV
LCD TV
PDP TV
장점 : 대화면, 얇다, 높이, contrast
단점 : 비싼 가격, On Time(40초)
장점 : 소,중화면, 아주 얇다
단점 : 아주 비싼 가격, 밝기 (형광등)
장점 : 대화면, 아주 얇다, 밝기,시야각
단점 : 아주 비싼 가격, 전력

5. DTV product leadership
Display devices
Analog : CRT, PJTV
Digital : PDP, LCD
VSB/QAM
A/V decoder
S/W
EPG
data broadcasting
PVR
SOC
H/W platform
Reception capability
A/V processing

6. DTV 수신기 (ATSC) MPEG-2 Video System decoder (Transport demux) MPEG-2
Display
Processor
&
Graphics
Video V A V P RF
1 packet
(188bytes)
Dolby
AC-3
DTV
tuner
Demodulator
(8-VSB)
Dolby AC-3
Audio
Decoder
Audio
MPEG-2 TS
(19.4Mbps)
Physical
Channel
(BW : 6MHz)
PCR
27MHz clock
recovery
Program
information
Program
select
Program
navigation
information
Bandwidth : 6MHz
Data rate : 19.4Mbps
User’s program choice

7. Channel tuning time (ATSC)
RF(IF)  TS
VSB processing (sync/locking, equalizer, de-interleaver, FEC) : ~0.5sec
TS  A/V decoder
PAT (<0.1sec) & PMT (<0.4sec)
PSIP
Video
GOP (I picture) : ~0.5sec
Lip synch by DTS/PTS : ~0.5sec

8. Applications TV & STB streaming PCI card PVR
RF  A/V decoder  audio & display
Network  memory  A/V decoder  audio & display
DTV SOC
audio
DTV SOC
audio
xDSL
display
display
SDRAM
SDRAM
PCI card
PVR
RF  A/V decoder  memory (decoded)
 PCI bus
RF  memory (TS)  storage (recording)
Storage  A/V decoder  audio & display (playback)
DTV SOC
DTV SOC
audio
PCI bus
display
SDRAM
SDRAM
HDD

9. System clock System clock recovery (27MHz) Display clock PLL
HSYNC
VSYNC
HSYNC
74.25MHz
VSYNC
Audio
PLL
Frame SYNC
48kHz
FR SYNC
System clock recovery (27MHz)
Display clock PLL
27M : 74.25M (4 : 11)
Audio clock PLL
27M : 48K (1125 : 2)
Video skip/repetition, audio skip/repetition

10. Memory map Typical memory 128Mbit x 2 256Mbit x 2 System decoder
System decoder
Typical memory
128Mbit x 2
256Mbit x 2
System decoder
PSIP information
Audio decoder
Video decoder (MPEG-2)
Video bitstream buffer
Anchor frame
Display processor
OSD
Bitmap buffer
CPU 66
Audio decoder
116
Video bitstream
252
Video
decoding
buffer
(3, 4 frames)
1816
Display processor
2398
OSD (960x540)
16bppx2
2652
CPU
4096

11. 64bits @108MHz maximum : 864MBytes/sec
Memory bandwidth
System decoder
Audio decoder
Video decoder
Display processor
VCR/PIP
OSD/
GFX
buffer
buffer
buffer
buffer
buffer
buffer
writing
bitstream
motion compensation
write after MB decoding
read
write
read
write
read
write
read
Memory arbiter
maximum : 864MBytes/sec
SDRAM
Memory bandwidth
Global
Local
Local buffer size

12. DTV SOC core technology
Cable
(OpenCable)
Terrestrial
(ATSC/DVB)
Satellite
(DIRECTV/ARIB)
Worldwide DTV standards
8VSB/COFDM/QAM/QPSK/8PSK
CAS system
Audio : Dolby AC-3, MPEG, AAC
Video : MPEG-2
Display devices
CRT/PJTV/PDP/LCD/DLP
Device characteristics
Video quality enhancement
Data broadcasting & internet
Graphics engine
High-performance RISC
xDSL
Internet browsing
PVR (personal video recording)
MPEG-2 encoder
IDE controller, PCI
MPEG-7, TV-anytime forum
Home networking
IEEE1394 (w/t 5C)
HDMI
USB
Memory card
System-On-A-Chip
RISC, DSP
Analog IP
Verification

13. RISC core Overall control Application S/W S/A/V control DMA Interrupt
Caption engine
Program guide
User interface
Data broadcasting

14. Peripherals DMA controller Interrupt handler UART Smart card
Memory card

15. Payload : PES or PSI section
System decoder : TS
Header
Payload : PES or PSI section
1 packet (188 bytes)
Header : 4 bytes
SYNC/PID/continuity counter
Adaptation field
PCR
Payload
PES : A/V/data, lip sync with DTS/PTS
PSI : section data, PAT/PMT/CAT/MGT/….

16. System decoder Packet parsing System clock recovery (27MHz)
Information
(navigation)
PSI
Video decoder
Video
PES(ES)
1 packet
(188bytes)
MPEG-2 TS
Audio decoder
Audio
PES(ES)
Data
decoder
Data
Packet parsing
A/V data  A/V decoder
Navigation data  CPU
System clock recovery (27MHz)

17. System decoder Input streams PID filtering
MPEG-2 TS : ATSC/ARIB/DVB/OC
DIRECTV TS (proprietary)
MPEG-2 PS : DVD
PID filtering
Section filtering (byte-/field-masking)
System clock recovery
CAS (DES-ECB/MULTI-2/CS/CSS)

18. Q scale factor & Q matrices Field/frame prediction selection
Video decoder (MPEG2)
Bitstream
parser
DCT
Coeff.
VLD
Inverse
scan IQ
IDCT
8x8
Decoded
Pictures
(I, P, B)
Zigzag scan mode
MPEG-2
Video ES
Q scale factor & Q matrices
Motion
vectors
VLD
Dual prime
arithmetic
Chroma
scaling
Half-pel
prediction
Field/frame prediction selection
Frame
memory
video : up to 1920x1080
Highly complex
6 times more complex than SD video (DVD)
Frame memory : minimum 3 frames

19. Video decoder MPEG-2 Dual decoding (2xSD,SD+HD, 2xHD)
SD : MPEG-2
HD : MPEG-2
Dual decoding (2xSD,SD+HD, 2xHD)
Dual tuner
PVR
Memory scalable video decoding
Error concealment
Trick play

20. Audio decoder Dolby AC-3 (ATSC) Audio DSP Features 5.1 channel
48kHz, up to 384 kbps
Audio DSP
Audio instruction
Features
Decoding : AC-3 / MPEG / AAC
Sound effects
5.1 channel source with 2 speakers
2 channel source with 6 speakers

21. Video input formats Video input formats ATSC standards Analog : single
Digital : multiple
ATSC standards
Resolution
Frame rate/scan
Aspect ratio
1920x1080
24P, 30P, 30I
16:9
1280x720
24P, 30P, 60P
16:9
704x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
16:9
704x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
4:3
640x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
4:3

22. Display devices & formats
1920x P (16:9)
PDP, LCD
1920x i (16:9)
high-end projection
1366x768 60p (16:9)
PDP, LCD
1280x720 60p (16:9)
PDP, LCD
720x480 60p (4:3)
Direct View, PJTV
720x480 30i (4:3)

23. Video input & output Input (2 channels) Output Decoded pictures
NTSC/PAL
Component signals (up to 1920x1080i)
PC signal (up to XGA)
Output
Analog : RGBHV, YPbPrHV, RG*B, Y*PbPr, CVBS, S-video
Digital : D1, YCbCr/RGB (30bits)
60Hz : 1080i/768p/720p/480p/480i, 16:9/4:3
50Hz : 1080i/576i, 16:9/4:3
PC : VGA/SVGA/XGA

24. Format conversion Spatial resolution Scan Aspect ratio
interlaced/progressive
Aspect ratio
4:3/16:9
Temporal frame rate
24/30/60/70/85Hz  60Hz, 25/50  50Hz
Chroma sampling
4:2:0/4:2:2/4:4:4
Color space conversion
YPbPr/YIQ/RGB

25. Spatial resolution & scan
720x480i
720x480i
720x480p
720x480p
1280x720p
1280x720p
1920x1080i
1920x1080i
De-interlacing (480i input)
Filtering
Interpolation

26. Format conversion Input < output Input > output Input  memory
Memory  De-interlacing/
FC (interpolation)
FC  display
Input > output
Input  FC (filtering & decimation)
FC  Memory
Memory  display

27. Aspect ratio conversion
Input (16:9)  display (4:3)
pan &scan
letterbox
squeeze
Input (4:3)  display (16:9)
Crop
Wide
Zoom

28. Display window control
Single window
Picture in picture (PIP)
Picture out of Picture (POP)
Worldwide leader in DTV - LG
DTV/DTV, NTSC/NTSC PIP/POP
moving
still
still
Split-screen
Multi-PIP
2 active windows
still
moving
still
moving

29. 眞 細 淨 鮮 XDRpro eXcellent Digital Reality 현장감있는 생생한 HD 영상을 안방에 전달 NTSC
입력 신호
XDRpro 眞 細 淨 鮮
NTSC
DVD
HD 영상
DTV
PC/STB

30. XDRpro (계속) LG전자 화질 향상 기술 주요 내용 DVD등과 같은 영화 입력에 대해서 최적 처리
SD급 영상을 HD급 영상으로 고화질 변환
영상의 미세한 부분 및 어두운 부분 자동 처리
영상에 존재하는 잡음을 시공간 3차원으로 제거
디스플레이의 컬러 재현 특성을 보상 원 컬러 표현

31. Full digital A/V processing
수신부
(digital)
Video
Decoder
XDRpro
adjustment
display
Audio
Digital
AMP
Digital TV : transmission, A/V compression
Full digital video processing
Digital display (PDP, LCD)
Video adjustment : Brightness, contrast, tint, color temperature, gamma correction
Full digital audio processing
Analog AMP  digital AMP

32. EPG (Electronic Program Guide)
1-button recording with HDD

33. & scaling with positioning
Data broadcasting 종류
프로그램 연동형
독립형 : 날씨, 뉴스, 증권 등 규격
DASE : HTML, JAVA
MHP : Return channel
OCAP : Full internet
Video decoding
& scaling with positioning
Enhanced data
(graphic & OSD)

34. Graphic & OSD 2-D graphic primitives
Point, block transfer and text manipulation
Full-screen drawing capability up to HD
Arbitrary scaling of OSD bitmap data
RGB/YCbCr color space
Anti-flickering for interlaced display (480i/1080i)
5 layers, 2/4/8/16/24/32 bits/pixel
2, 4, 6 and 8-bit alpha blending
H/W cursor (2bits/pixel, 64x64 pixels)

35. LG DTV ASIC history 1st 2nd 3rd 4th video 3 chips audio CPU process
# of chips
1st
Video 3 chip
- Transport
- Video decoder
- VDP
0.6 mm
0.35 mm 5
video 1 chip
audio
CPU
2nd
Video 1 chip
- LGDT1101
0.25 mm 3
A/V 1 chip
CPU
3rd
Audio/Video 1 chip
- LGDT1102
0.18 mm 2
2002.3
DTV SOC
4th
DTV SOC
- LGDT1103 (Kwanak)
0.13 mm 1
Under
development

36. Scaling/PIP/POP, NTSC/PC/component,
Block diagram
64Mbit
SDRAM
LGDT1102
Memory Controller xN
PLL
Tuner
MPEG2
Video Decoder
Display Processor
(Format conversion,
1080i/720p/480p/480i,
Scaling/PIP/POP, NTSC/PC/component,
NTSC encoder)
3ch
D/A
Transport
De-multiplexer
(MPEG2 system)
VSB
Demo-
dulator
3ch
D/A
Audio
Decoder
DSP
(AC3/MPEG/AAC/
DTS/PCM/MP3/
TruSurround)
OSD &
Graphic engine
(OSD 5 planes,
2/4/8/16/24/32 bpp,
Anti-flickering,
2-D graphic resizing)
Audio
D/A
Audio
PLL
16-/32-bit RISC CPU
FLASH
peripherals

37. ATSC DTV system diagram
2-chip solution
LGDT3101
VSB receiver
LGDT1102
System decoder
Audio decoder
Video decoder
Display processor
Graphic processor
OSD controller
NTSC/PAL encoder
DAC, PLL, audio PLL
16/32-bit CPU
Analog
RGB/YCbCr
Digital
CVBS/S-Video
525i/625i
64Mbit
SDRAM
NTSC decoder
NTSC decoder or
PC/component
Digital 5.1 ch
SPDIF

38. 적용된 제품들 Affordable TV PRT Projection HDTV LCD Projection TV
DLP Projection TV
LCD TV
PDP TV
DIRECTV HD-STB
PVR 복합 HD STB

39. 감사합니다