1. Capture of particulate emboli during cardiac procedures in which aortic cross-clamp is used 
Wolfgang Harringer, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 70, Issue 3, Pages (September 2000)
DOI: /S (00)

2. Fig 1
EMBOL-X Intraaortic Filtration System (EMBOL-X Inc, Mountain View, CA) showing filter cartridge inserted in cannula and filter mesh deployed.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

3. Fig 2
Particulate found in filter mesh, gross visual examination at 10× magnification. (A) Particulate from 66-year-old male presenting with NYHA class 3–4. Procedure was a CABG × 3. Time on CPB = 85 minutes, cross-clamp time = 55 minutes, filter dwell time = 57 minutes. Histologic finding showed capture of fibrous atheroma. Patient recovered uneventfully. (B) Particulate from a 65-year-old male of NYHA class 2. Procedure was a CABG × 3. Time on CPB = 95 minutes, cross-clamp time = 72 minutes, filter dwell time = 25 minutes. Histologic findings included fibrous atheroma and thrombus/RBC. Patient recovered uneventfully. (C) Particulate from a 69-year-old male of NYHA class 3. Procedure was a CABG/valve combination. Time on CPB = 171 minutes, cross-clamp time = 106 minutes, filter dwell time = 45 minutes. Histologic findings indicated material was of fibrous atheromatous origin. Patient recovered uneventfully.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

4. Fig 2
Particulate found in filter mesh, gross visual examination at 10× magnification. (A) Particulate from 66-year-old male presenting with NYHA class 3–4. Procedure was a CABG × 3. Time on CPB = 85 minutes, cross-clamp time = 55 minutes, filter dwell time = 57 minutes. Histologic finding showed capture of fibrous atheroma. Patient recovered uneventfully. (B) Particulate from a 65-year-old male of NYHA class 2. Procedure was a CABG × 3. Time on CPB = 95 minutes, cross-clamp time = 72 minutes, filter dwell time = 25 minutes. Histologic findings included fibrous atheroma and thrombus/RBC. Patient recovered uneventfully. (C) Particulate from a 69-year-old male of NYHA class 3. Procedure was a CABG/valve combination. Time on CPB = 171 minutes, cross-clamp time = 106 minutes, filter dwell time = 45 minutes. Histologic findings indicated material was of fibrous atheromatous origin. Patient recovered uneventfully.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )