1. Natural and Artificial Selection

3. Mutation is the start of Evolution
Mutations cause variation (difference) within a population of organisms
Mutations that cause increased ability to survive and reproduce change the population
The survivors pass on their successful mutations
Called Natural Selection

4. Natural Selection Named by Charles Darwin “survival of the fittest”
Most fit survive to reproduce and pass on their genes
Mechanism for evolutionary change

5. Artificial Selection
Selective breeding of organisms with desirable traits by humans

7. Artificial Selection Can result in both positive and negative effects
Example: the Pug
Pros:
very cute
friendly nature
Cons:
trouble breathing (brachycephalic)
Eye sockets too small (eye prolapse is common)
Hips too small (C-section births often required)