1. APUSH Review: Video #37: Laissez-Faire, The Industrial Workforce, And The “New South” (Key Concept 6.1, II, A - D)
Shoutout to Mr. Paccone’s class in San Marino, CA. Thanks for the support!
Everything You Need To Know About Laissez-Faire, The Industrial Workforce, And The “New South” To Succeed In APUSH

2. Laissez-Faire What is it?
Government policy of NOT regulating the economy
Government keeps its “hands-off” the economy
Where did this idea originate?
Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations
Markets should be regulated by the “invisible hand” of supply and demand
Used by businesses to justify practices and wealth
Carnegie - steel; Rockefeller - oil; Morgan - banking

3. The Industrial Workforce
2/3 of workers worked for wages
Many worked 6 days a 10 hours a day
Children often worked to provide for families

4. The Industrial Workforce - Internal & International Migration
Internal Migration:
Many farmers moved to cities to work in factories
International Migration:
“New” Immigration:
Predominantly Southern and Eastern Europe
Italy, Poland, etc.
Chinese immigration on the west coast
Chinese Exclusion Act of (banned Chinese immigration)

5. Labor Vs. Management
Conflicts between labor and management emerged over:
Wages
Working conditions
As a result, workers will organize labor unions on the local and national level

6. Unions National Labor Union:
Created in fought for higher wages and an 8- hour workday
Also sought equal rights for women and African Americans
Knights of Labor:
Led by Terrance Powderly - Skilled AND unskilled workers
Sought to abolish child labor and trusts and monopolies
Declined after the Haymarket Square Riot in 1886
American Federation of Labor:
Led by Samuel Gompers - Skilled workers
Focused on “bread and butter” issues - 8 hour workday, higher wages

7. Key Strikes To Know Great Railroad Strike (1877):
Reaction to wage cuts
President Hayes sided with the RRs
Homestead Strike (1892):
Carnegie Steel Plant
Wages were cut by 20%
Strikebreakers were called in
Pullman Strike:
Pullman Palace Car - luxury railroad cars
Workers went on strike, Cleveland used troops to end the strike

8. The “New South” Some southern leaders called for a “New South”
Henry Grady - editor of the Atlantic Constitution
Called for increased industrialization in the South; emergence of more textile factories
However, sharecropping and tenant farming remained a constant
Leasing land and paying with a share of crops

9. Quick Recap Laissez-faire and justification of wealth
The Industrial workforce - internal and international migrants
Unions
Key strikes to know
The “New” South

10. See You Back Here For Video #38: The Populist Party
Thanks for watching
Best of luck!