1. Chapter 5 (Section 3) & Chapter 6 Genes and DNA Review Game

2. This is the process by which most of the cells in your body reproduce.

3. This is the process by which most of the cells in your body reproduce.
A: Mitosis

4. How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

5. How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

6. This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of mitosis.

7. This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of mitosis.
A: Diploid (A full set)

8. The parent cell of an organism has 22 pairs of chromosomes.
1) What is the diploid number?
2) What is the haploid number?

9. The parent cell of an organism has 22 pairs of chromosomes.
1) What is the diploid number?
A: 44
2) What is the haploid number?
A: 22

10. This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of meiosis.

11. This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of meiosis.
A: Haploid

12. What kind of chromosomes determine a person’s gender?

13. What kind of chromosomes determine a person’s gender?
A: Sex Chromosomes

14. Which sex chromosomes does a female carry?
Which sex chromosomes does a male carry?

15. Which sex chromosomes does a female carry?XX
Which sex chromosomes does a male carry? XY

16. Who determines a child’s sex: the male or the female?

17. Who determines a child’s sex? The male or the female?
A: Male
(because females can only pass on an X chromosome. Males can pass on either an X or a Y, and whichever chromosome the male passes on will determine the sex)

18. An organism has 30 chromosomes
An organism has 30 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would its sperm or eggs have?

19. An organism has 30 chromosomes
An organism has 30 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would its sperm or eggs have?
A: 15

20. A dog breeder crosses a poodle with a lab in order to have dogs that do not shed. This is an example of what?

21. A dog breeder crosses a poodle with a lab in order to have dogs that do not shed. This is an example of what?
A: Selective Breeding

22. What is the molecule in the cell that contains the information for protein production?

23. What is the molecule in the cell that contains the information for protein production?
A: DNA

24. Describe the shape of DNA (2 ways).

25. Describe the shape of DNA (2 ways).
A: double helix, or a twisted ladder

26. What are the subunits of DNA?

27. What are the subunits of DNA?
A: Nucleotides

28. What are the three components that make up a nucleotide?

29. What are the three components that make up a nucleotide?
A: A base, a sugar, and a phosphate

30. Using their first letters, list the four bases found in DNA.

31. Using their first letters, list the four bases found in DNA.
A: A, T, C, & G

32. What is the rule that states that A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G?

33. What is the rule that states that A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G?
A: Base-Pair Rule

34. What scientist discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosine always equals the amount of guanine?

35. What scientist discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosine always equals the amount of guanine?
A: Erwin Chargaff

36. Who was the 1st scientist to produce images of DNA molecules using X-ray diffraction?

37. Who was the 1st scientist to produce images of DNA molecules using X-ray diffraction?
A: Rosalind Franklin

38. Who were the 2 scientists who developed the first model of DNA?

39. Who were the 2 scientists who developed the first model of DNA?
A: James Watson and Francis Crick

40. Write down the complementary strand for this sequence of bases.
A C C T A G

41. Write down the complementary strand for this sequence of bases.
A C C T A G
T G G A T C

42. List the 3 kinds of mutations that can occur when DNA is copied.

43. List the 3 kinds of mutations that can occur when DNA is copied.
A: Deletion, Insertion, and Substitution

44. What kind of mutation has taken place?

45. What kind of mutation has taken place?
A: Insertion

46. What kind of mutation has taken place?

47. What kind of mutation has taken place?
A: Substitution

48. Since DNA can’t fit through the nuclear pores, _____ takes the message from the DNA out to the cell.

49. Since DNA can’t fit through the nuclear pores, _____ takes the message from the DNA out to the cell?
A: RNA

50. What base does RNA have that DNA does not?

51. What base does RNA have that DNA does not?
A: Uracil

52. What base does DNA have that RNA does not?

53. What base does DNA have that RNA does not?
A: Thymine

54. This tool is used to detect traits that are passed down through generations.

55. This tool is used to detect traits that are passed down through generations.
A: Pedigree

56. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
Draw a male with the trait
Using the letter “F”, write his genotype.

57. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
Draw a male who has the trait
Using the letter “F”, write his genotype. A: ff

58. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
Draw a female carrier of the trait
Using the letter “F”, write her genotype.
Does she have the trait?

59. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
Draw a female carrier of the trait
Using the letter “F”, write her genotype. A: Ff
Does she have the trait? A: No

60. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
This shape is in a pedigree:
Would you conclude that this is a sex-linked trait?

61. Practice with Pedigrees
(we are tracking a recessive trait)
This shape is in a pedigree:
Would you conclude that this is a sex-linked trait?
A: No, males can’t be carriers of sex-linked traits

62. Scientists added genes from a firefly to a tobacco plant which caused the plant to glow. This type of manipulation is known as ________ ________.

63. Scientists added genes from a firefly to a tobacco plant which caused the plant to glow. This type of manipulation is known as genetic engineering.

64. This is the term for a new organism that has an exact copy of another organism’s genes.

65. This is the term for a new organism that has an exact copy of another organism’s genes.
A: Clone

66. This is the process that identifies the unique patterns in a person’s DNA. It can be helpful in many areas, including solving crimes and identifying hereditary diseases.

67. This is the process that identifies the unique patterns in a person’s DNA. It can be helpful in many areas, including solving crimes and identifying hereditary diseases.
A: DNA Fingerprinting