1. The molecules that form life
Carbohydrates

2. Vocabulary Carbohydrate Saccharide – Mono-,Di-,Poly- Starch Glycogen
Cellulose

3. Characteristics of Carbohydrates
Consist of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen
Energy containing molecules
Some provide structure

4. Saccharide Saccharide – formal word for sugar
Can be modified by the addition of a prefix
Mono-
Monosaccharide
Di-
Disaccharide
Poly-
Polysaccharide

5. Building Blocks of Carbohydrates
Basic building block is a monosaccharide is determined by the number of carbon atoms.
triose (3) tetrose (4), pentose (5), hexose (6), heptose (7),
Glucose is an hexose.

6. Three monosaccharides: All - C6H12O6
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

7. Dehydration Synthesis of a Disaccharide
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
Water

8. Hydrolysis of a Disaccharide
Sucrose
Water
Glucose
Fructose

9. Important Polysaccharides: Starch
Consists of glucose subunits
Plant energy storage molecule
Glycogen is a very similar molecule in animals.
Starch and glycogen can be digested by animals.

10. Important Polysaccharides: Cellulose
Composed of glucose subunits
Different bond formed than starch
Structural component in plants
Cannot be digested by animals

11. Vocabulary Carbohydrate – energy source
Saccharide – formal word for sugar
Starch – polysaccharide in plants
Glycogen – starch like polysaccharide made by animals
Cellulose – polysaccharide in plants – not digestible by animals.