1. The Search for Spices
Mr. Barchetto
Notes #1

2. Understanding the Cause of Exploration…Pt.1
~Timeline~ When was Europe first introduced to the trade routes in Asia, North Africa and the Middle East?
Crusades
Spices emerge in Europe and are considered a luxury
Used to preserve food and add flavor; these spices where found in the spice islands
Indonesia
Trade Halts- Why do you think the trade of spices halted? (2 reasons)
Black Plague
Mongol Empire Collapsed they controlled major trade routes
Europe lost 25 million people

3. Understanding the Cause of Exploration…Pt.2
What happens in Europe after the Black Death?
Rebirth/RevivalRENAISSANCE
What country benefitted the most from the Renaissance?
Italycenter of all trade routes from the east
What changes are taking place in Europe during the Renaissance making it a perfect time for exploration to begin?
Education/learning
Art/beauty
Idea of Humanism
Which change do you believe to be the most important? Why?

4. Technology at the Dawn of the Exploration Age
Compass-
used to maintain direction and course
Sextant-
using the height of the stars above the horizon to determine latitude and longitude
Caravel-
65 feet in length
Triangular sails for maneuverability and square sails for power.
Large cargo area helped hold supplies for long voyages, and low keel (Bottom) allowed caravel to travel closing to shore.

5. Motives for European Exploration
What country benefitted the most from the trade coming from the east?
Italy
1400’s Italian middle men controlled trade from Asia.
3 Major Motives:
Renaissance spirit to learn about new lands.
Atlantic powers i.e. Spain, Portugal and England sought route to Asia that bypassed Italy.
Desire for wealth—God, Gold, Glory

6. 4 Explorers Activity-use pages
Henry the Navigator pg.530
Country/Year:
Portugal1415
Motives/Goals:
GOD,GOLD, GLORY
Outcomes:
Henry mapped the entire West coast of Africa
Vasco da Gama pg.532
Portugal1497
Travel around the southern tip of Africa w/ hope of getting to the spice islands.
10 month voyage led to da Gama to the west coast of India in the great spice port of Calicut.
Christopher Columbus pg.553
Country/Year:
Spain1492
Motives/Goals:
Travel west to get to the East Indies.
Outcomes:
Columbus would establish the West Indies and begin the Spanish conquest of the Americas.
Ferdinand Magellan pg.554
Spain1519
Search to find route around Americas to get to the East Indies
Magellan traveled in every bay along South America, w/ hopes of finding South Sea Magellan’s crew become the first people to circumnavigate the globe.

7. Empires Emerge- Line of Demarcation
Treaty of Tordesillas-
Also known as the line of demarcation…This line was agreed upon by the Spanish and Portuguese and divided the world into east and western portions.
Spain would control all new lands west of the line and Portugal would control all new lands discovered east of this line.
Why do you think this was?