1. METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
(MSG)
FIRE DETECTION
Author: Jochen Kerkmann
Contributors: P. Menzel (NOAA)

2. Fire detection using ch. 3.9 and 11 m Visible imagery showing smoke
Fires/Smoke
Fire detection using ch. 3.9 and 11 m
GOES-8 imagery on 9 May 1998 at 15:45 UTC. Channel 3 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection
Visible imagery showing smoke

3. Fires over Angola
25 June 2003

4. Fires (Hot Spots) MSG imagery on 25 June 2003 at 10:00 UTC.
Kongo
Angola
Difference ch. 3.9 and 10.8 m [K] Channel 01 (0.6 m) for comparison
MSG imagery on 25 June 2003 at 10:00 UTC.
Channel 04 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection.

5. Fires (Hot Spots) MSG imagery on 25 June 2003 at 10:00 UTC.
Kongo
Angola
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Channel 09 (10.8 m)
MSG imagery on 25 June 2003 at 10:00 UTC.
Channel 04 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection.

6. Fires over Angola
7 July 2003

7. Difference ch. 3.9 and 10.8 m [K]
Fires (Hot Spots)
Kongo
Angola
Difference ch. 3.9 and 10.8 m [K]
MSG imagery on 7 July 2003 at 11:00 UTC.
Channel 04 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection.

8. Fires (Hot Spots) MSG imagery on 7 July 2003 at 11:00 UTC.
Kongo
Angola
Difference ch. 3.9 and 10.8 m [K] Channel 12 (HRV) for comparison
MSG imagery on 7 July 2003 at 11:00 UTC.
Channel 04 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection.

9. Fires (Hot Spots) MSG imagery on 7 July 2003 at 12:00 UTC.
Kongo
Angola
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Channel 09 (10.8 m)
MSG imagery on 7 July 2003 at 12:00 UTC.
Channel 04 (3.9 m) useful for fire detection.

10. Fires over Nigeria ?
5 June 2003

11. Fires over Northern Nigeria ???
Fires (Hot Spots) ???
Nigeria
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Difference ch. 3.9 and 10.8 m [K]
MSG imagery on 5 June 2003 at 10:00 UTC.
Fires over Northern Nigeria ???

12. Sunglint in Channel 04 over the local rivers and lakes
Click on the icon to see the animation (09:00-11:30 UTC, AVI, 3376 KB) !
MSG-1
5 June 2003
09:00 UTC
Channel 04
(IR3.9)

13. Fires over Chad ?
14 July 2003

14. Fires over Central Chad ???
Fires (Hot Spots) ???
CHAD
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Channel 01 (0.6 m)
MSG imagery on 14 July 2003 at 08:15 UTC.
Fires over Central Chad ???

15. Sunglint Sunglint in Channel 04 over the local rivers and lakes
Click on the icon to see the animation (07:30-08:45 UTC, AVI, 1237 KB) !
Sunglint in Channel 04 over the local rivers and lakes
MSG-1, 14 July 2003, Channel 04 (IR3.9), 7:30 UTC

16. Fires over Guinea/Mali ?
24 February 2003

17. Fires over Guinea and Mali ???
Fires (Hot Spots) ???
Mali
Guinea
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Channel 01 (0.6 m)
MSG imagery on 24 February 2003 at 11:00 UTC.
Fires over Guinea and Mali ???

18. Fires over Guinea and Mali
Fires (Hot Spots)
Fires over Guinea and Mali
Click on the icon to see the animation (11:00-12:45 UTC, AVI, 2712 KB) !
MSG-1
24 February 2003
11:00 UTC
Channel 04
(IR3.9)

19. Fires over Kenya/Somalia/Kongo
24 February 2003

20. Fires over Kenya, Somalia and Kongo
MSG-1
24 February 2003
12:45 UTC
Channel 04
(IR3.9)

21. Fires over France
17 July 2003

22. Fires
Fires over France (biggest forest fire in the Var department since 1990)
MSG-1, Channel 04 (IR3.9),
17 July 2003, 14:45 UTC

23. Fires over Angola/Kongo
16 July 2003

24. Fires (Hot Spots) Diurnal cycle of fires over Kongo and Angola
Click on the icon to see the animation
(hourly images) (09:00-15:00 UTC, AVI, 1689 KB) !
Diurnal cycle of fires over Kongo and Angola
MSG-1, Channel 04 (IR3.9), 16 July 2003, 09:00 UTC

25. Fires/Smoke over Portugal/Spain
3 August 2003

26. Fires over Portugal and Spain (biggest fires of last 20 years)
Fires/Smoke
Channel 04 (3.9 m) Channel 07 (8.7 m)
Fires over Portugal and Spain (biggest fires of last 20 years)
MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC

27. Fires over Portugal and Spain
Fires/Smoke
Channel 09 (10.8 m) Channel 03 (1.6 m)
Fires over Portugal and Spain
MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC

28. Click on the icon to see the animation
(10:00-17:45 UTC, AVI, KB) !
Channel 01 (0.6 m) Channel 12 (HRV)
Fires over Portugal and Spain
MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC

29. Click on the icon to see the animation
(12:00-15:00 UTC, AVI, 2837 KB) !
Channel 03 (1.6 m) Channel 04 (3.9 m)
Fires over Portugal and Spain
MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC

30. Smoke
MSG-1
3 August 2003
12:00 UTC
Difference Image
NIR1.6 - VIS0.6

31. Fires over Portugal and Spain
Burned Area
Channel 02 (0.8 m) Channel 12 (HRV)
Fires over Portugal and Spain
MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC

32. Fires/Smoke MSG-1 3 August 2003 12:00 UTC RGB Composite R = NIR1.6
G = VIS0.8
B = VIS0.6

33. SUMMARY

34. Fires
Fires (hot spots) can be detected in the following MSG SEVIRI channels (in order of importance):
1. IR3.9
but also in:
2. IR8.7
3. IR9.7, IR10.8, IR12.0 and sometimes NIR1.6 !!!

35. Smoke
Smoke from fires can principally be detected in all VIS and IR window channels, but the best channels are (in order of importance):
1. HRVIS
2. VIS0.6 and NIR1.6
3. IR3.9
The VIS0.8 channel is not useful for smoke detection !

36. Burned Area
The (black) burned area can be best detected in the following MSG SEVIRI channels (in order of importance):
1. VIS0.8
2. HRVIS
3. VIS0.6 and NIR1.6