1. Knee varus–valgus motion during gait – a measure of joint stability in patients with osteoarthritis? 
M. van der Esch, M.A., M. Steultjens, Ph.D., J. Harlaar, Ph.D., N. Wolterbeek, M.Sc., D.L. Knol, Ph.D., J. Dekker, Ph.D. 
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages (April 2008)
DOI: /j.joca
Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
The loading response phase of the right leg (A). VV-ROM is measured during the loading response phase of the gait cycle. VV-ROM is the angle (α) between peak excursion in varus direction and peak excursion in valgus direction during the loading response phase.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
The midstance phase of the right leg (B). VVP is measured at midstance of the gait cycle. Varus position is the angle (β) between the varus excursion of the knee at midstance and the position of the knee at the start of measurement. Valgus position is the angle (γ) between the valgus excursion of the knee at midstance and the position of the knee at the start of measurement.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions