1. Power of the Church in Medieval Europe

2. Pope-head of the Catholic Church
Pope Gregory VII
Henry IV
Bans lay investiture – kings and nobles appoint church officials.
Excommunicates Henry IV for trying to overrule him
Shows church’s power
Begs for pope’s forgiveness while standing in the snow for 3 days
Is forgiven but ultimately humbled

3. The Church Clergy members- cardinals, bishops, priests Church’s power
1. Religious
Canon Law – body of laws governing religious practice such as marriage
2. Political
Could excommunicate, or banish, a King from the church

4. The Crusades
Crusades – Series of Christian wars waged against the Muslims to regain the “Holy Land” (Palestine)
Major Goals
Recapture the holy land
Reunite Christianity
Pope Urban II - Those who died during Crusades would go to heaven

6. Effects of the Crusades
9 Crusades– over 200 years
First two Crusades successful
Later Crusades failed
Children’s crusade!
Major effects
1. Illustrated the power of the church
2. Expanded trade between Europe and Asia
3. Lessened the power of the Pope
4. Strengthened the power of the king
5. Hatred-Muslims and Christians