1. Chapter 5 Using Running Records to Look at Social Development
“When we look at what the child cannot do,
we fail to see all the child can do.”
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RUNNING RECORDS
Same writing technique as Anecdotal Records
Detailed account of what is observed: who, what, where, when
EXCEPT this is a sample or a specimen, so it is not an event but just an observation of 5−10 minutes of ordinary behavior with all details included
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3. Uses of Running Records
Advantages
Details a segment of normal behavior
Open method, including details
Indicators of many areas of development
Disadvantages
Child may feel “watched” and change behavior
Segment may not show normal behavior
Adult’s attention is focused on writing
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What to Do with It
File in child’s portfolio/folder
Use for planning and individualizing curriculum
Share with child and family
Use to document child’s normal (or unusual) behavior
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5. LOOKING AT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Play’s place in:
Social development
Social competence and school readiness
Skills learned in play help in school success
Play as the foundation of social studies
Self-identity
How other people live, think
Rules for harmonious interactions
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Theories of Social Development and Implications on Early Childhood Practice
Erikson – Eight stages of man
Piaget – Cognitive theory and social conventional
Behaviorists – Learned behavior
Maslow – Hierarchy of needs
Vygotsky - Peer relationships
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7. Play’s Place in Development
Physical – Muscle practice, coordination
Emotional – Replay life experiences, outlet for feelings
Creative – Experimentation, imagination
Intellectual – Classification, problem solving
Language – Vocabulary, humor, function in social situations
Social – Sharing, negotiating, gender roles
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8. Levels of Involvement in Play
Onlooker – watching others play
Solitary – Alone, occupied with play
Parallel – Alongside another
Associative – Related play theme
Cooperative – Sharing materials and sustaining play theme
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9. Stages of Social Development
The need for a selfless society
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10. Observing Infants and Toddlers in Social Play
Expanding social world from family to others
Physical play with objects
Mostly solitary, not ready for sharing and negotiation (egocentric)
Beginnings of linguistic and dramatic play
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11. HELPING ALL CHILDREN WITH SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Children with Special Needs
Adaptations
Environment
Social facilitation
Activities
Children with Autism
Culture and Social Interactions
Helping Professionals
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12. Standards Related to Social Development
Head Start Performance Standards
(3, I, D)
Encourage respect for others.
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