1. There is a LOT of vocabulary in this unit!
Solutions
There is a LOT of vocabulary in this unit!

2. OUTCOME QUESTION(S): C11-4-03 DISSOVING PROCESS Vocabulary & Concepts
Describe and give examples of various types of solutions.
Include: suspension, emulsion, colloid, alloy, solute,
solvent, soluble, insoluble, miscible, immiscible
Describe the chemical structure of compounds in terms of electronegativity and polarity of bonds.
Include: polar and non-polar
Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds, using visual, particulate representation and chemical equations
Include: hydration, heat of solution, dissolve, dissociate
Vocabulary & Concepts 
Pure Mixture
Homogeneous Heterogeneous

3. Solutions are a type of mixture

4. “Suspended” particles will settle out if left undisturbed
1. Heterogeneous mixtures
Uneven distribution – Not dissolved
Particles in mixture can be identified
Sand and water
Salt and pepper
Any precipitate
1a. Suspension
Heterogenous mix of solid particles in liquid
Use filters to separate components
“Suspended” particles will settle out if left undisturbed

5. Emulsions will eventually separate if left undisturbed too
1b. Emulsion
Heterogeneous mix of two or more liquids
More difficult to separate physically
Emulsions will eventually separate if left undisturbed too

6. Solution are the most common type of homogeneous mixture
2. Homogeneous mixtures
Particles are evenly distributed – Dissolved
Difficult to see and separate
Salt in water
Coke
Coffee
2a. Solution
Homogeneous mix where all substances are dissolved as individual molecules or ions
Solutions cannot be filtered, do not settle out
Solution are the most common type of homogeneous mixture

7. A solution is made up of solute and solvent:
Solvent: substance that does the dissolving.
Solute: the dissolved substance.
Solutions with water as the solvent are known as aqueous solutions (aq)
In a mixture of same states (liquids or gasses), the solvent is the substance present in the larger amount

8. Mix of larger solid particles in liquid
2b. Colloid
Mix of larger solid particles in liquid
Difficult to filtered, and does not settle out
Often opaque or translucent (not clear)
Light reflects off particles becoming visible – Tyndall Effect
Colloid particles are larger than in solutions and are not technically “dissolved”:
Blood
Milk
Whip cream
Mayonnaise
Gels

9. (malleability, density, strength and rust resistance…)
2c. Alloy
Solutions of two or more metals
Mixed to take advantage of specific properties
(malleability, density, strength and rust resistance…)
Steel - iron and carbon - stronger
Brass - copper and zinc - stronger
Bronze - copper and tin - stronger
Stainless steel - steel w/ chromium – no rust
“Gold” - gold and copper - harder

10. The ability for a given substance (solute), to dissolve in a solvent.
Solubility:
The ability for a given substance (solute), to dissolve in a solvent.
Soluble – solid dissolves in solvent
Insoluble – solid does not dissolve in solvent
The terms soluble and insoluble are relative terms
– it depends on what is being compared
soluble
insoluble
solute ?

11. Miscible – liquids dissolve in each other
Immiscible – liquids do not dissolve
All gas mixtures are homogeneous…
All gas mixtures are solutions

12. The word choice helps describe the situation…
Mixtures
suspension
insoluble
solution/colloid
(homogeneous)
solid
liquid
soluble
(heterogeneous)
(dissolve)
emulsion
immiscible
miscible
liquid
solution
(homogeneous)
(heterogeneous)
(dissolve)
alloy
(homogeneous)
metal
soluble
(dissolve)
solution
(homogeneous)
gas
soluble
(dissolve)
The word choice helps describe the situation…

13. Ca(NO3)2 (s) ethanol (l)
Calcium nitrate is soluble in ethanol – this creates a homogeneous solution.
octane (l) ethanol (l)
Octane is immiscible in ethanol – this creates a heterogeneous emulsion.

14. CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? C11-4-03 DISSOVING PROCESS Vocabulary & Concepts
Describe and give examples of various types of solutions.
Include: suspension, emulsion, colloid, alloy, solute,
solvent, soluble, insoluble, miscible, immiscible
Describe the chemical structure of compounds in terms of electronegativity and polarity of bonds.
Include: polar and non-polar
Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds, using visual, particulate representation and chemical equations
Include: hydration, heat of solution, dissolve, dissociate
Vocabulary & Concepts 
Pure Mixture
Homogeneous Heterogeneous