1. Diffusion

2. LEQ
How can you describe the processes by which tangible and intangible phenomena diffuse?

3. Diffusion
The dissemination of ideas, people, goods, or other phenomena across space.
Tangible or intangible
Hearth/Node – where the characteristic originates

4. Bell Work: 9/4 Pick up the new calendar and put it in your binder.
It’s Badge Day!

5. Relocation Diffusion
Spread through physical movement of people
When people move from place to place, they take it with them.
Examples? (Turn & Talk)
Draw it!

7. Expansion Diffusion Can result in one of 3 processes
“Snowball” method of diffusion
Can result in one of 3 processes
Hierarchical Diffusion
Contagious Diffusion
Stimulus Diffusion

8. Contagious Diffusion Rapid and widespread throughout a population
Spreads through person to person contact
Examples?
Draw it!

9. Hierarchical Diffusion
Diffuses among a hierarchy
From the top down
Early adopters -> majority adopters -> laggards
Examples?
Draw it!

11. Diagram of Contagious Diffusion Human Geography, deBlij & Murphy, 7th ed. Page 28
‘A’ is a diagram of contagious diffusion. Notice virtually all ‘adopt.’
‘B’ is a diagram of hierarchical diffusion. Notice the leapfrogging over some areas.

12. Stimulus Diffusion
The spread of an underlying principle, even if the characteristic itself fails to diffuse.
Examples?
Draw it!

13. BARRIERS TO DIFFUSION
TIME and DISTANCE DECAY – farther from the source & the more time it takes, the less likely innovation adopted
CULTURAL BARRIERS – some practices, ideas, innovations are not acceptable/adoptable in a particular culture – e.g. pork, alcohol, contraceptives…
PHYSICAL BARRIERS – physical barriers on the surface may prohibit/inhibit adoption

14. Distance Decay
Contact diminishes with increasing distance and eventually disappears.
How can you relate the concept of distance decay to that of diffusion?

15. Distance Decay Graph
Learn to think about distance decay in a “spatial” context
Think of distance decay in terms of an ‘x’ and ‘y’ axis

16. Space-Time Compression
A reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place
Apply the concept of space-time compression to diffusion.

17. Bell Work: 9/5
Reading quiz begins in 5 minutes!

18. Reading Quiz: Name one geographic concept.
What is environmental determinism?
The idea that it’s possible for people to make choices based on need and available technology, instead of being limited to what the environment gives them is called _____________?

19. Let’s have some fun! Push all desks towards the back of the room.
Girls vs. boys
Demonstrate each type of diffusion (relocation, hierarchical, contagious, & stimulus) through acting/skit/demo
5 minutes to plan
Take turns acting out
Judged on creativity (1-10 pts) and effectiveness (1-10 pts)

20. Nicholas Christakis: How social networks predict epidemics http://www

21. LEQ
How can you describe the processes by which tangible and intangible phenomena diffuse?

22. Cultural Ecology

23. Debate Topic
Does the environment you grow up in determine the way you will live your life?

24. Cultural Ecology
The study of human-environment relationships

25. Bell Work: (10 min)
Use the Internet or newspaper to find an article that relates to geography.
Give a brief summary of the article in your own words.
Explain how it relates to geography

26. Environmental Determinism
The belief that the physical environment causes social development and controls behavior.

27. Possibilism
People, mostly, have the ability to adjust to their environment, and choose a course of action.

28. Case Study: Read in Rubenstein:
The Netherlands: Sensitive Environmental Modification (28)
Florida: Not-So-Sensitive Environmental Modification

29. Extended Activity
Flip through the pictures in Chapter 1 (excluding maps). For each picture, write down one vocabulary word that the picture could depict.

30. Geography uses a vocabulary that is specific and unique to study and discuss various regions of the world. Two of these unique terms are “cultural ecology” and “possibilism”.
1. Define each of these terms as they are used in cultural and human geography.
2. Through the use of a specific example, illustrate each of these terms using an example from TWO of the world regions on the map below.