1. RNA

2. RNA – “ribonucleic acid”
Organic Molecule: nucleic acid
Building blocks: nucleotide
Function: uses genetic information
from DNA to make proteins
Sugar: Ribose
Shape: single-stranded

3. Types of RNA a. mRNA (messenger RNA) – made from DNA
(transcription and
translation)
b. tRNA (transfer RNA) – carries amino acids from cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis (translation)
c. rRNA (ribosomal RNA) – ribosomes

4. Transcription “DNA → mRNA”

5. Process of Transcription
mRNA is made from DNA in the nucleus
Pairing Rules
Replicated DNA mRNA
Adenine → Uracil
Thymine → Adenine
Cytosine → Guanine
Guanine → Cytosine

6. Practice DNA TTA CGA CTA GGC GCT Comp. DNA mRNA
DNA GGC TAT TCG GCA AAT

7. Translation “mRNA → protein”

8. TRANSLATION Making proteins from mRNA Occurs in the cytoplasm
at the ribosome

9. Process of Translation
Codon
- 3 base pair from mRNA
- ex) AUG
tRNA
- brings amino acid that has an anticodon which pairs to the codon from mRNA

10. Genetic Code
a. used to TRANSLATE the codon to
an amino acid
b. Start codon
- AUG (methionine)
c. Stop codons
- UAA, UAG, UGA

11. Genetic Code
mRNA: AUG CGC GGC CCA UAU
Translate:

12. Practice
DNA: AAT CTA GGT CGT ATG GGG
mRNA:
Translate: