1. Computer Networks Topic :User datagram protocol Transmission Control Protocol
-Hemashree S( )

2. User Datagram Protocol
In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet protocol suite. The protocol was designed by David P. Reed in and formally defined in RFC 768. With UDP, computer applications can send messages, in this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Prior communications are not required in order to set up communication channels or data paths.

3. Transmission Control Protocol
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite. It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP). Therefore, the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error- checked delivery of a stream of octets (bytes) between applications running on hosts communicating via an IP network. Major internet applications such as the World Wide Web,  , remote administration, and file transferrely on TCP. Applications that do not require reliable data stream service may use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which provides a connectionless datagram service that emphasizes reduced latency over reliability.

4. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TCP AND UDP
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is connection oriented, whereas UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is connection-less. This means that TCP tracks all data sent, requiring acknowledgment for each octet (generally). UDP does not use acknowledgments at all, and is usually used for protocols where a few lost datagrams do not matter.
Because of acknowledgments, TCP is considered a reliable data transfer protocol. It ensures that no data is sent to the upper layer application that is out of order, duplicated, or has missing pieces. It can even manage transmissions to attempt to reduce congestion.
UDP is a very lightweight protocol defined in RFC 768. The primary uses for UDP include service advertisements, such as routing protocol updates and server availability, one-to-many multicast applications, and streaming applications, such as voice and video, where a lost datagram is far less important than an out-of-order datagram.*

6. Segment retransmission and flow control through windowing
tcp
udp
Reliable
Unreliable
Connection-oriented
Connectionless
Segment retransmission and flow control through windowing
No windowing or retransmission
Segment sequencing
No sequencing
Acknowledge sequencing
No acknowledgment