1. Landscape Development

2. THE SHAPE OF A LANDSCAPE IS ALSO KNOWN AS IT’S
TOPOGRAPHY

3. What factors influence the type of landscape that will develop?
Uplifting forces
converging tectonic plates create
mountains
Leveling forces
Gravity, weathering and erosion
Dynamic equilibrium exists when these two forces occur at equal rates.

4. A Landscape results from the opposing forces of:
UPLIFT
EROSION (LEVELING)

5. IF UPLIFTING FORCES HAVE BEEN DOMINANT THE LANDSCAPE WILL BE
MOUNTAINOUS

6. IF LEVELING FORCES (EROSION) HAVE BEEN DOMINANT THE LANDSCAPE WILL BE:
PLAINS (FLAT)
PLATEAU

7. THE PRIMARY LEVELING FORCE IS
EROSION BY RUNNING WATER

8. Topography Depends on Several Factors:
Climate
Local bedrock
Moisture and temperature
Composition of rocks

9. The general shape of a region Types of Landscapes in New York
Mountains
Plateaus
Plains

10. MOUNTAIN

11. HIGH PEAKS AND DEEP VALLEYS (result of converging plate boundaries)
STEEP SLOPES
STEEP STREAM GRADIENTS

12. 4. IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCK
5. FOLDED/FAULTED/
TILTED ROCK

13. Adirondack Mountains – N.Y.

15. Folded bedrock

16. Layers of rock are folded and tilted (they are not horizontal anymore)
Folding is part of the mountain building process
Layers of rock are folded and tilted (they are not horizontal anymore)

17. PLATEAU

18. FLAT OR ROLLING HILLS
DEEP CUT STREAM VALLEYS
HORIZONTAL LAYERS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
LOW ELEVATIONS ARE FLAT

20. Mesa

21. Notice the horizontal sedimentary layers of rock in a plateau!

22. A waterfall in the Catskills – a plateau that has been shaped by water.

23. PLAINS

24. MOSTLY FLAT- FEW HILLS
HORIZONTAL SEDIMENTARY LAYERS
MEANDERING STREAMS

25. Coastal Plains

27. THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON LANDSCAPE:
HUMID
ARID
STEEP
SLOPE
GENTLE
SLOPE
ROCKY
SOIL
FERTILE
SOIL
WEATHERING
PHYSICAL
DUE TO
ABRASION
CHEMICAL DUE TO
INCREASED AMOUNTS
OF MOISTURE
WEATHERING

28. Humid Climate
Arid Climate