1. Ch Evolution
Natural Selection

2. Unit 4 – Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16)
Define Evolution
List the major events that led to Charles Darwin’s development of his theory of Evolution by means of Natural Selection
Summarize the major events of the Geologic Time Scale
Compare and contrast early experiments that support the concept of biogenesis and disproved spontaneous generation
List some examples of direct and indirect evidences of evolution
List the 6 different types of fossils & the technique used to identify the age of them.
Explain what the first cells were thought to be and give characteristics of them
Summarize the effects of the different types of Natural Selection on gene pools
Relate changes in genetic equilibrium to mechanisms of speciation
Explain the role of natural selection in convergent and divergent evolution
Analyze the Endosymbiotic Theory - including why the  Mitochondria and Chloroplasts were thought to be on their own.
Compare and contrast modern theories of the origin of life
Explain how the structural and physiological adaptations of organisms relate to natural selection
Identify adaptations of primates
Distinguish the evolutionary relationships of primates
Summarize the major anatomical changes in hominids during human evolution
List the phylogeny of the human species from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens.
Identify what probable explanation allowed humans to get to North America

3. List some examples of direct and indirect evidences of evolution
Unit 4 – Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16)
Define Evolution
List the major events that led to Charles Darwin’s development of his theory of Evolution by means of Natural Selection
Summarize the major events of the Geologic Time Scale
Compare and contrast early experiments that support the concept of biogenesis and disproved spontaneous generation
List some examples of direct and indirect evidences of evolution
List the 6 different types of fossils & the technique used to identify the age of them.
Explain what the first cells were thought to be and give characteristics of them
Summarize the effects of the different types of Natural Selection on gene pools
Relate changes in genetic equilibrium to mechanisms of speciation
Explain the role of natural selection in convergent and divergent evolution
Analyze the Endosymbiotic Theory - including why the  Mitochondria and Chloroplasts were thought to be on their own.
Compare and contrast modern theories of the origin of life
Explain how the structural and physiological adaptations of organisms relate to natural selection
Identify adaptations of primates
Distinguish the evolutionary relationships of primates
Summarize the major anatomical changes in hominids during human evolution
List the phylogeny of the human species from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens.
Identify what probable explanation allowed humans to get to North America

4. SWBAT Scale
4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT’s
3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT
2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT’s with teacher help
1: I understand a little of the SWBAT’s but need teacher help
0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT’s and need help!

5. Scientific American Frontiers with Alan Alda
Click here to answer video worksheet questions

6. Watch this & answer question #13 in your packet, Natural Selection Notes-Ch. 15

7. Natural Selection Evidence of Evolution
Charles Darwin and Natural Selection
Evolution – Change in a population over time
Darwin – wrote “Origin of Species” in 1859
Darwin was a naturalist on the HMS Beagle ( )
Collected specimens on the Galapagos Islands

8. Natural Selection A mechanism for change in a population
Organisms with favorable traits survive to pass on traits
Organisms produce more offspring that can survive
Variations exist among all populations
Variations that are useful in a given environment are more likely to be passed to the next generation
Over time, offspring with that “beneficial” variation make up most of the population

9. Natural Selection Adaptations
Inherited characteristics which increase the chances of surviving and reproducing
Mimicry
Structural adaptation to look like another organism
Camouflage
Blending in with the surroundings
Physiological adaptations
Change in metabolic processes
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics

11. Camouflage
A method that allows certain species to blend in with the environmental surroundings for protection.

13. Warning coloration
Is a means of natural defense employing conspicuous colors, sounds, or other methods by which an organisms openly projects a warning signal to potential predators
It wants to be noticed…Notice “Stay Away!”

15. Mimicry
is any species that has evolved to appear similar to another successful species in order to dupe predators into avoiding the mimic, or dupe prey into approaching the mimic.
A mimic generally resembles its target in one or more of the following: appearance, behavior, and habitat.

16. Coral Snake (poisonous)
Milk Snake

17. Fly or Wasp?
Thick-headed fly
Hawk Moth

18. Kings of Camouflage video
Click here to answer video worksheet questions

19. Evidence of Evolution Indirect Evidence of Evolution Fossils Anatomy
Provide an early record of early life and possible relationships to current life on earth
Anatomy
Homologous structures
Structures that feature with a common evolutionary origin
Forelimbs in animals
Analogous structures
Similar function but do not share common ancestors
Bird and insect wings

20. Evidence of Evolution Vestigial structure Embryology Biochemistry
Structure of the body that is believe to no longer have a function – but may have at one time in history
Skeletal legs on a snake
Embryology
Study of early stages of development that shows similarities between fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals
Tails and gill slits
Biochemistry
Study of DNA and RNA that shows the relatedness of species

22. Evidence of Evolution video

23. Mechanisms of Evolution
Population Genetics and Evolution
Populations Evolve
Not individuals
Gene Pool
All of the different alleles (form of a gene) in a population
Allelic frequencies
Percentage of any specific allele in the gene pool
Genetic Equilibrium
Frequency of alleles remains the same in a population over time

24. Hardy-Weinberg Eq.
Statement that populations will get to a point where no diversity occurs.
Only when the following occurs
No mutations
No genetic drift
Alterations in allelic frequencies by chance
No gene flow
Individuals cannot migrate (must stay localized)

25. Natural selection Types of Natural selection Stabilizing selection
Favors average individuals within a population
Ex. Baby’s

26. Natural Selection Directional Selection Disruptive Selection
Favors one of the extreme variations of a trait
Birds beak
Disruptive Selection
Favor either extreme of a trait
Black and white (no grey)

28. Now it’s time to play the Natural Selection game.
Click on the following link and follow the directions. Just have fun, make some observations with it then come back and go to the next slide….
Natural Selection Game

29. Click on the following link and follow the directions:
Well that was interesting. Now it’s time to do a lab based on the Natural Selection Game.
Click on the following link and follow the directions:
Lab 10-1 Natural Selection - How To 2016

30. Evolution of a species

31. Evolution of a species Speciation Geographic Isolation
Evolution of a new species
Members of a similar populations no longer able to interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Geographic Isolation
Physical barrier divides a population
Volcanic eruption, sea-level change

32. Evolution of species Reproductive isolation Polyploidy
Formerly interbreeding, organisms can no longer mate and produce fertile offspring
Mating seasons
Polyploidy
Species with multiple of the normal set of chromosomes
More common in plants

33. Evolution of a species Rate of speciation
Gradualism – species originate through a gradual change of adaptations
Punctuated Equilibrium – speciation occurs relatively quickly, in rapid bursts with long periods of genetic equilibrium in between

34. Patterns of Evolution Adaptive Radiation Divergent Evolution
Ancestral species evolves into an array of species to fit a number of diverse habitats
Galapagos finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers
Divergent Evolution
One species adapt to different environments and become different species
Convergent Evolution
Distantly related organism evolve similar traits.

35. Convergent Evolution

36. Unit 4 – Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16)
Define Evolution
List the major events that led to Charles Darwin’s development of his theory of Evolution by means of Natural Selection
Summarize the major events of the Geologic Time Scale
Compare and contrast early experiments that support the concept of biogenesis and disproved spontaneous generation
List some examples of direct and indirect evidences of evolution
List the 6 different types of fossils & the technique used to identify the age of them.
Explain what the first cells were thought to be and give characteristics of them
Summarize the effects of the different types of Natural Selection on gene pools
Relate changes in genetic equilibrium to mechanisms of speciation
Explain the role of natural selection in convergent and divergent evolution
Analyze the Endosymbiotic Theory - including why the  Mitochondria and Chloroplasts were thought to be on their own.
Compare and contrast modern theories of the origin of life
Explain how the structural and physiological adaptations of organisms relate to natural selection
Identify adaptations of primates
Distinguish the evolutionary relationships of primates
Summarize the major anatomical changes in hominids during human evolution
List the phylogeny of the human species from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens.
Identify what probable explanation allowed humans to get to North America

37. SWBAT Scale
4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT’s
3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT
2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT’s with teacher help
1: I understand a little of the SWBAT’s but need teacher help
0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT’s and need help!

38. What Darwin Never Knew Video Guided Worksheet